HRW irasaba ko Mapping Report ya Loni idakwiye kubikwa mu kabati !

Ku itariki ya 10 z’ukwezi kwa 10 mu mwaka wa 2011,umwaka urashize “Mapping Report” yakozwe na Loni ishyizwe ahagaragara. Iyo raporo igaragaza ubwicanyi ndengakamere bushobora kuzitwa jenoside bugeze imbere y'urukiko, bwakorewe impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zahungiye muri Kongo. Kubera icyo gihe gishize, umuryango mpuzamahanga uharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu HRW, wasabye amahanga yose gukora ibishoboka byose akageza imbere y’ubutabera abagize uruhare muri ubwo bwicanyi ndengakamere bwagaragajwe muri “projet Mapping”.

Nyuma y’umwaka ushize iyo raporo ikozwe, HRW, ivuga ko yaba komisiyo ya Loni ishinzwe uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu n’akarere k’ibiyaga bigari irebwa nicyo kibazo yaruciye ikarumira. Ko ariko guverinoma ya Kongo Kinshasa yagaragaje ko yiteguye gushyiraho urukiko rudasanzwe mu nkiko zarwo, rwaba rugizwe n’abenegihugu n’abanyamahanga, bazacira imanza abagize uruhare mu byaha by’intambara, ibyibasiye inyokomuntu ndetse na jenoside. Daniel Bekele uyobora igisate cy’Afurika cya HRW avuga ko ibyakorwa byose guverinoma ya Kinshasa idashobora kubonera umuti yonyine ubwicanyi ndengakamere bwakorewe k’ubutaka bwayo. Yongeraho ko ibyo byaha byakorewe muri Kongo ari ubwicanyi bwarenze imbibi z’ibihugu , bityo ubutabera ntibwajyerwaho ibihugu bidafatanije.

HRW yibutsa ko imyanzuro ya raporo ya Mapping Report ari ingirakamaro mu gufasha ,mu guhana ibyaha byakozwe mu gihe cyahise no mu gufasha mu guhana ubwicanyi ndengakamere bukibasira abasiviri muri ibi bihe muri Kongo. Projet ya Raporo Mapping yibanze ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwibasiye inyokomuntu muri Kongo bwabaye guhera mu kwezi kwa 3 mu mwaka wa 1993 kugeza mu kwezi kwa 6 mu mwaka wa 2003. Iyo raporo igaragaza ibyaha 617 byakozwe mu gihugu hose, ikanagaragaza uruhare rw’abanyekongo ndetse n’abanyamahanga bagomba kubiryozwa. Muribo harimo abasirikare b’ingabo z’u Rwanda , Uganda, Burundi n’Angola barwanye intambara yayogoje Kongo mu bihe bitandukanye hagati y’1996 na 2003.

Iyo raporo yakuruye uburakari , byatumye bamwe mubo itunga agatoki nk’u Rwanda, bihutira kuyinyomoza bahakana bivuye inyuma ko nta ruhare na rumwe bagize muri ubwo bwicanyi. Ingabo z’u Rwanda kimwe n’abo bari bafatanije mu kubohoza Kongo bo muri AFDL, iyo raporo yavugaga ko bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi ndengakamere bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 1996 na 1997.

Daniel Bekele akomeza agira ati«N’ubwo bumwe mu bwicanyi iyo raporo yakomojeho bwari busanzwe buzwi, gukusanyiririza hamwe muri raporo imwe ubwicanyi nka buriya byabaye nko kwibutsa ibyabayeho.

HRW yemeza ko ibihugu birebwa n’iyo raporo aribyo bigomba gufata iya mbere mu gukurikirana abicanyi bari mu bihugu byabo. Ariko birashoboka ko bamwe mu babicyekwaho baba hanze y’ibihugu byabo kandi ibyo bihugu babamo bigomba kubakurikirana . Ibihugu biba muri ONU bigomba kugaragaza ubufatanye bwa politiki n’ubw’imari kuri Kongo kugira ngo icyo gihugu cyizabashe kuburanisha ubwo bwicanyi.

Muri iryo tangazo, HRW inavuga ko kuva iyo raporo yatangazwa, akanama ka Loni gashinzwe uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu n’umunyamabanga mukuru wa Loni batigeze bagaragaza ubushake bwo gukurikirana ibiyikubiyemo. HRW irabasaba gukoresha inama na guverinoma ya kongo n’iibindi bihugu byavuzwe muri iyo raporo ndetse igatumirwamo n’impuguke mu by’amategeko bakarebera hamwe icyakorwa, mu kuryoza abihishe inyuma y’ubwo bwicanyi bwakozwe. Mapping raporo yagezweho hafatanijwe na leta ya Kongo. Abibasiwe n’ubwo bwicanyi kimwe n’ababurokotse yaba Abanyarwanda n’abanyekongo mu mpera z’umwaka 1990 n’indi myaka yakurikiyeho ,igihe cyibi cyane cyagaragajwe n’iyo raporo , itangazwa ryayo ryabagaruriye icyizere ko bagiye noneho kubona ubutabera.

Muri kanama 2011, minisitiri w’ubutabera muri Kongo yatangaje imbanzirizamushinga mu nteko igamije gushyiraho urukiko rwihariye rwahana abagize uruhare mu bwicanyi ndengakamere bwo muri Kongo nk’uko byatangajwe muri Mapping Report. Abacamanza n’abashinjacyaha mpuzamahanga byagaragaye ko bacyenerwa mu kongerera ubushobozi Kongo bwo kuburanisha ibyaha bikomeye no kurwanya ko inyungu za politiki zishobora kubyivangamo. Sena yamaganye iyo mbanzirizamushinga, isaba guverinoma kuyihuza n’andi mategeko cyane cyane kuyihuza n’amategeko yo mu rukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha.Bamwe mu basenateri basabye ko hashyirwaho urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha ko arirwo rukwiranye n’ibyatangajwe muri Projet Mapping. Guverinoma ya Kongo irimo gushakisha icyo yazakora.

HRW ishyigikiye ishyirwaho ry’urukiko rwihariye rugizwe n’abanyekongo n’abanyamahanga rwagira ubushobozi nk’urukiko mpuzamahanga ku byaha byakozwe mu gihe cyahise n’ibiri gukorwa nk’ibyaha by’intambara, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu na jenoside yakozwe muri Kongo. Imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta muri Kongo nayo ishyigikiye igitecyerezo nk’icyayo. Abayihagarariye mu ntara 11 za Kongo, imiryango mpuzamahanga, bahuriye i Goma muri Kongo mu kwezi kwa Mata uyu mwaka kandi babyemeranijweho bashingiye ku mbanzirizamushinga ya guverinoma. Impinduka zikomeye basabye zashyizwe muri iyo mbanzirizamushinga.

Mapping raporo ya Loni siyo ya mbere ikozwe n’urwo rwego mu gukurikirana ibyaha byakozwe muri Kongo hagati ya 1993 na 2003. ubushake bwa Loni bwo gukurikirana ubwicanyi ndengakamere bwakozwe muri icyo gihugu bwatangiye muri 1997 na 1998, bikaba byaragiye bibangamirwa na guverinoma ya Kongo yayoborwaga na Laurent Desire Kabila. Uko bimeze kose amakuru ajyanye n’ubwo bwicanyi, ifatwa ku ngufu ry’abagore n’ubundi bwicanyi ndengakamere bwakorewe impunzi z’abanyarwanda kimwe n’abanyekongo, byatangajwe icyo gihe na Loni ndetse byanatangajwe n’imiryango mpuzamahanga iharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu. Ariko icyo gihe nta cyakozwe kugira ngo ababukoze baburyozwe.

Mapping raporo ifite imizi yayo mu matohoza yayibanjirije yakozwe na Loni. Muri 2005 ingabo z’amahoro za Loni muri Kongo , MONUC, yavumbuye icyobo rusange i Rutshuru muri Kivu y’amajyaruguru gifitanye isano n’ubwicanyi bwakozwe muri 1996 na 1997. Iryo vumbura ryatumye hongera kubyutswa amatohoza kuri ubwo bwicanyi. Akanama ka Loni gashinzwe uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu kabitewemo inkunga na Loni nibwo bakoze mapping , bakora itohoza ry’ubwicanyi guhera 1993 kugeza muri 2003.

Mu gihe abatungwa agatoki muri Mapping raporo bazaba bakurikiranwe, Bekele atangaza ko bizabera isomo rikomeye ibikomerezwa mu guhonyora uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, bakazajya babanza gutecyereza byibura inshuro ebyiri mbere y’uko bakora ubwicanyi ku baturage. Icyo gihe kandi nibwo kugendera ku mategeko kw’igihugu bizahabwa agaciro muri kariya karere gahoramo ubushyamirane.

Kagabo, London (Umuvugizi)