Rwanda: Abantu bafunze ari abere ntibateze gufungurwa ahubwo bagomba guhimbirwa amadosiye!
Gereza mu Rwanda zaruzuye abantu bakaba bafungiye hanze nk'amatungo!
[Ndlr :Abategetsi b’u Rwanda bakunze kwivuga ibigwi byinshi, bakemeza ko igihugu cy’u Rwanda aricyo kiyobowe neza ku isi, ko ari icya mbere ku isi gifite demokarasi, kikaba cyubahiriza uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa-muntu, kikaba gifite ubutabera bw’agatangaza, ibyo byose bakaba babihera kuri za raporo ziba zatekinitswe bakazikinga abanyamahanga mu maso, ariko aho ibintu bigeze ni uko izo raporo zififitse zitangiye kuniga iyo leta yazikoreye ubwayo, ubu mu gihugu cy’u Rwanda abategetsi ubwabo nibo batangiye kwiyemerera ko hafunzwe abantu b’abere, batagira amadosiye kandi bigaragara ko bazaguma muri gereza ubuziraherezo! Ubusanzwe ku gihugu cyubahiriza amategeko n’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa-muntu, ntibyemewe gufunga umuntu udafite dosiye, mu Rwanda ho bafunga abadafite dosiye nyuma bakajya bazibakorera bafunze! Ubwo se uwo muntu aba yarafunzwe hakurikijwe iki ? Ikindi ni uko iyo bigaragaye ko umuntu afunze nta dosiye agomba guhita arekurwa, naho mu Rwanda ho bakora uko bashoboye bakajya kumuhimbira dosiye! Ibyo byose bikaba bigaragaza amanyanga yaranze Gacaca, none abantu bakaba bahunitse mu mazu nk’imyaka itegereje kuribwa ! Ibi byose bikaba bigaragaza ko ubutabera bwo mu rwanda bumeze nk'ubutabera bwo mu ishyamba!]
Abagororwa basaga ibihumbi birindwi bahamwe n'icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 bafite ibibazo bitandukanye kuri dosiye zabo bishobora gutuma badafungurwa kandi igihano bahawe cyararangiye mu gihe nta gikozwe. Gufungurwa muri gereza bisaba kuba umuntu arangije igihano yakatiwe n’urukiko runaka. Iyo igihe kigeze harebwa incarubanza; urwandiko rugaragaza uko urubanza rwaciwe. Harebwa kandi n’icyangombwa buri mugororwa agomba kugira cyerekana igihano runaka yahawe n’igihe yatangiye kuburanira. Urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe amagereza (RCS) mu Kuboza 2014 rwashyize ahagaragara urutonde rw’abagororwa 7099, batujuje dosiye, barimo n’abarengeje igihe cy’igihano cya bo ukurikije inyandiko ziri muri za mudasobwa nko muri gereza ya Muhanga.
Bavanye aya makuru kandi ku muryango wa Croix Rouge bakurikije abo yajyaga isura. Iki gikorwa hashize imyaka ibiri gikozwe. Aya makuru yagiye azanwa n’iri tsinda yafashije ubushinjacyaha. Muri yo, hari ayahawe RCS ariko ntiyayashyira muri mudasobwa nk’ububiko bwiza, ari na cyo gituma amazina n’umubare by’abafite icyo kibazo bihindagurika. Habyarimana ati “Uyu munsi usanga abafite iki kibazo ari nk’igihumbi nyuma y’amezi atatu bakaba ibihumbi bitatu, ugasanga n’amakuru watanze mbere ntiyashyizwe muri sisiteme.” Ikibazo cyaje kugaragara ko gikomeye nyuma y’uko hari abo ubushinjacyaha bwari bwaboneye amakuru yuzuye, ariko nyuma itsinda ryagiyeho rikagaragaza ko hari amadosiye atuzuye. Ati “Dusanga mu bagororwa hari abatubwira ko amadosiye yabo atuzuye harimo n’abo twatangiye amakuru. Ubushinjacyaha twarabishatse ugasanga kuri lisite aragarutse ngo dosiye ze ntabwo zuzuye. Nta ncarubanza afite ngo bamubarire barebe ko yarangije iki gihano.”
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Fazil yatanze urugero rwa bamwe mu bagororwa basinyiwe n’abahoze ari inyangamugayo mu nkiko gacaca ko bakatiwe igihano runaka bagafungwa, ariko akibaza impamvu zahereweho bafungwa zirengagizwa mu gufungurwa. Ati “Niba umuntu afunzwe yarasinyiwe n’inyangamugayo enye, inyandiko bayiha agaciro mu kumufunga bakayima agaciro mu kumufungura ngo hari inyangamugayo ya gatanu itarasinyeho!”
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Uru rwego rusanga icyakwihutishwa ari ugutunganya inyandiko(documents) zibitswe na CNLG ku buryo zarebwamo icyo abo bantu bakatiwe n’icarubanza, ku buryo bworoshye. Kanzayire avuga ko bibaye bitari muri izo nyandiko CNLG ibitse ngo byakurikiranwa na parike Jenerali ifatanyije n’inzego zitandukanye, iminsi aba bagororwa bafunzwe yose ikabarwa ngo bataguma muri gereza mu gihe igihe bahawe cyarangiye.
Mu mwiherero wahuje abagize urwego rw’ubutabera uherutse kubera mu karere ka Rubavu iki kibazo cyamaze umunsi kiganirwaho, hagaragazwa impungenge zitandukanye. Umugenzuzi w’ Ubushinjacyaha Bukuru, Madamu Habyarimana Angelique yagaragaje ko kuba hari abantu badafite dosiye zuzuye kubera amateka igihugu cyabayemo, yatumye hari abafungiwe mu cyitwaga "kasho" z’ibyahoze ari komini, amadosiye yabo akaza kubura. Yavuze ko hari n’imanza zaciriwe mu Nkiko Gacaca, ariko hagira abajurira ugasanga urubanza ruburanishirijwe mu kandi Karere, kwegeranya dosiye bikagorana.
Ikindi ni amadosiye y’ababuraniye mu Nkiko Gacaca abitswe na Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo kurwanya Jenoside (CNLG), ariko abitse mu buryo kuyageraho bigoranye n’ubwo yatangiye kuvangurwa hakurikijwe imiterere y’igihugu guhera mu mwaka wa 2013, ubu akaba yaravanywe mu mifuka ashyirwa mu bikarito biyabika neza. Habyarimana yagize ati “Hari ababanje gufungirwa mu kitwa kasho za komini, bikaba byaramaze imyaka myinshi bikaza kugera igihe noneho, bakajyanwa muri gereza… Hari abimuwe bafite dosiye zuzuye abandi zujujwe barageze muri gereza. Ikibazo cyabayeho navuga nuko bandikaga itariki yinjiye muri gereza, ntibandike iyo yinjiriye muri kasho ya komini.”
Ariko kandi na nyuma hari abagiye bimurwa muri gereza ntibimukane dosiye zabo. Hari gereza zahiriyemo inyandiko n’izo bimutsemo nk’iya Sovu. Urwego rw’ubushinjacyaha bwazengurutse hirya no hino gushaka amakuru y’ukuri ku bavugaga ko badafite dosiye zuzuye. Bagiye aho bafungiwe mu makasho haboneka amakuru ya bake, hajyaho n’itsinda ry’abahoze ari inyangamugayo mu Nkiko Gacaca, abarokotse Jenoside, Polisi n’Ubushinjacyaha, ryagiye aho abagororwa bakomoka cyangwa bakoreye ibyaha hagira amakuru aboneka.
Bavanye aya makuru kandi ku muryango wa Croix Rouge bakurikije abo yajyaga isura. Iki gikorwa hashize imyaka ibiri gikozwe. Aya makuru yagiye azanwa n’iri tsinda yafashije ubushinjacyaha. Muri yo, hari ayahawe RCS ariko ntiyayashyira muri mudasobwa nk’ububiko bwiza, ari na cyo gituma amazina n’umubare by’abafite icyo kibazo bihindagurika. Habyarimana ati “Uyu munsi usanga abafite iki kibazo ari nk’igihumbi nyuma y’amezi atatu bakaba ibihumbi bitatu, ugasanga n’amakuru watanze mbere ntiyashyizwe muri sisiteme.” Ikibazo cyaje kugaragara ko gikomeye nyuma y’uko hari abo ubushinjacyaha bwari bwaboneye amakuru yuzuye, ariko nyuma itsinda ryagiyeho rikagaragaza ko hari amadosiye atuzuye. Ati “Dusanga mu bagororwa hari abatubwira ko amadosiye yabo atuzuye harimo n’abo twatangiye amakuru. Ubushinjacyaha twarabishatse ugasanga kuri lisite aragarutse ngo dosiye ze ntabwo zuzuye. Nta ncarubanza afite ngo bamubarire barebe ko yarangije iki gihano.”Ibibazo bikigaragara
Hari ibyemezo byanditse nabi, aho bibeshye ku mazina n’aho bibagiwe gusinya. Ati “Ibyo byose ni impamvu zituma umuntu adashobora kuva muri gereza, haba hagomba impapuro zuzuye kandi zimeze neza, icyo nacyo ni ikibazo gikomeye. Abagororwa 4 772 nibo bavuga ko batazi amatariki bafatiweho bwa mbere bajya muri za kasho.” Yongeyeho ati “ Abandi 2 827 ni abafite ibindi bibazo, ibyo bibazo byo kutagira incarubanza, amazina asinye. Ibyemezo bidasinye n’ibidateyeho kashe, ni utubazo twinshi, ariko habayeho kwibeshya, gereza ntabwo ivuga ngo arangije igihano.”
Habyarimana yerekanye ko hashyizweho itsinda rigizwe na RCS, komisiyo y’uburenganzira bwa muntu, CNLG, ubushinjacyaha, Polisi, Urukiko rw’ikirenga, Minisiteri y’Ubutabera n’umukozi wo mu biro bya Minisitiri w’Intebe. Iri tsinda ryaricaye rikora ibisa n’umwiherero basanga amakuru buri rwego rufite yahuzwa hakaboneka umuti w’ibi bibazo. Ati “Icyifuzo twatanze ni uko bahabwa igihe bagasura gereza zose uko ari 14 mu gihugu, ukahasura ukahamara iminsi. Twasanze byafata hafi amezi atatu.”
Minisiteri y’ubutabera isanga uburenganzira bw’abagororwa butubahirizwa. Minisitiri w’Umutekano mu gihugu Sheihk Musa Fazil Harerimana yavuze ko hari abo barebye mudasobwa bagasanga barangije igihano cyabo ariko bigakenera inyandiko y’impapuro yasohowe hanze ibyemeza n’incarubanza.
Fazil akibona iki kibazo yandikiye Minisiteri y’ubutabera ngo irebe uko yagikemura.
Fazil yatanze urugero rwa bamwe mu bagororwa basinyiwe n’abahoze ari inyangamugayo mu nkiko gacaca ko bakatiwe igihano runaka bagafungwa, ariko akibaza impamvu zahereweho bafungwa zirengagizwa mu gufungurwa. Ati “Niba umuntu afunzwe yarasinyiwe n’inyangamugayo enye, inyandiko bayiha agaciro mu kumufunga bakayima agaciro mu kumufungura ngo hari inyangamugayo ya gatanu itarasinyeho!”Iki kibazo kandi ngo gifitwe n’abagororwa basaga igihumbi ariko hari n’abandi benshi bafite ibyo bibazo ku buryo bisuzumwe bafungurwa.
Minisiteri y’Ubutabera yababajwe n’imikorere mibi
Minisitiri w’Ubutabera Johnstone Busingye akimara kumva iki kibazo yavuze ko atari akizi, ariko ko urwego rwa RCS rudakemura ibi bibazo kandi ari rwo rubishinzwe rwagombye kubiryozwa, hakabaho kwirukanwa kw’abakozi batubahiriza inshingano zabo. Ati “Ruriya rwego ntabwo ari stock (ububiko) y’Abanyarwanda ni urwego rufite abaruyobora (…) Amaraso mashya yashyizwemo, turaryama tugasinzira dusigaje ikintu cyiza gikomoka muri RCS, mureke dufatanye tugire icyo duhindura he kugira Umunyarwanda uvuga ngo ndafunzwe Imana niyo yonyine izamvanamo.”
Avuga ko kwibeshya cyangwa gushidikanya bishobora kugaragara ku bakora mu nzego z’ubutabera ngo bigomba kwirindwa kuko n’abagororwa bashobora kubiheraho bagatangira kubeshya kubera ko babonye ababashinzwe nabo bashidikanya.
Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rubivugaho iki?
Urwego rw’umuvunyi rwo rusanga hagombye kwitabazwa izindi mbaraga mu gukemura ibi bibazo. Umuvunyi mukuru wungirije ushinzwe ibibazo by’akarengane na ruswa Kanzayire Bernadette, yavuze ko basuzumye iki kibazo hirya no hino mu gihugu bagasanga gikomeye, aho abagororwa bavuga ko bagejeje iki kibazo kuri Minisiteri y’ Umutekano n’ iy’ Ubutabera bagira bati “ Turacyafunze kandi mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, kuko twarangije igihano cyacu.”
Uru rwego rusanga icyakwihutishwa ari ugutunganya inyandiko(documents) zibitswe na CNLG ku buryo zarebwamo icyo abo bantu bakatiwe n’icarubanza, ku buryo bworoshye. Kanzayire avuga ko bibaye bitari muri izo nyandiko CNLG ibitse ngo byakurikiranwa na parike Jenerali ifatanyije n’inzego zitandukanye, iminsi aba bagororwa bafunzwe yose ikabarwa ngo bataguma muri gereza mu gihe igihe bahawe cyarangiye.RCS ihakana ko nta bafunze
Uru rwego rwagiyeho mu mwaka wa 2011, rwatangiye gahunda yo kuzuza umwirondoro wa buri mugororwa ariko bamwe ntibyakunda kuko ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa risaba ko nta makuru namwe asimbukwa nyamara hari abadafite ahagije. Ibi byanatumaga hari abandikirwa amatariki batangiye kuburaniraho agafatwa nk’igihe bafungiwe kandi bidahuye kuko hari n’ababuranye nyuma y’imyaka myinshi.
ACP Kabanda John Bosco, umuyobozi muri RCS ufite kugorora mu nshingano ze yavuze ko uru rwego nta bagororwa rushinzwe bafite iki kibazo cy’uko batarekuwe kuko nta muntu n’umwe wujuje ibisabwa byose utararekuwe.
Inkuru y’igihe
Deus Ntakirutimana