IMANA YONYINE NIYO IZAFUNGURA IMFUNGWA ZO MU RWANDA !
Byakunze kuvugwa ko abahutu bagizwe abayobozi na FPR nta bubasha namba bahabwa, abantu bamwe bakabikerensa bakagira ngo ni amakabyankuru. Ariko iyo wumvise impaka zagiwe mu mwiherero w’abarebwa n’ikibazo cy’imfungwa mu Rwanda, uhita ubona ko nta muhutu w’umuyobozi uyobora by’ukuri ahubwo aba afite umututsi umuha amabwiriza y’uburyo agomba kuyobora. Urugero rwa Minisitiri Fazil na minisitiri Busingye rurabyerekana.
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Nk’uko byumvikanye mu majwi yanyujijwe kuri radiyo Ijwi ry’Amerika, Minisitiri Musa Fazil yagaragaje ko nta bubasha afite ku bakozi b’Urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe amagereza. Nyamara urwo rwego rubarizwa muri ministeri y’umutekano mu gihugu, bityo bikaba bitumvikana ukuntu minisitiri w’umutekano mu gihugu yitotombera ko urwo rwego rudafungura abafungwa barangije ibihano byabo.
Iyo tuvuze gereza ntituba tuvuze za Cashot zo kuri police ahubwo ni za prisons mu rurimi rw’igifransa. Hari inzego eshatu z’abantu bafungirwa muri Gereza :
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Buri cyemezo cy’urukiko, cyaba igifunga umuntu by’agateganyo cyangwa se ikimifunga burundu kigena n’igihe cy’icyo gifungo. Icyo gihe cyagenwe n’urukiko iyo kirangiye, gereza igomba guhita irekura ya mfungwa niba nta kindi cyemezo cy’urukiko kimufunga gihari. Aha rero ntihagombye gutera ikibazo kuko ba greffiers ba gereza ni nabo bita ku madosiye y’abagororwa, baba bazi igihe buri wese azafungurirwa. Mu kurekurwa kw’imfungwa ntibisaba ko urukiko rubifataho ikindi cyemezo, oya.
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Ikibazo gihari ni uko ibintu byose baba babigize politiki n’aho iyaba yari amategeko akurikizwa ikibazo kugikemura byari byoroshye cyane:
Nk’uko tubikesha radiyo Ijwi ry’Amerika, programu y’ikirundi n’ikinyarwanda, mu Rwanda haherutse kuba umwiherero w’abayobozi bose bafite aho bahurira n’ikibazo cy’imfungwa ziri mu magereza y’u Rwanda. Birumvikana ko ku ikubitiro hari minisiteri y’ubutabera iyobowe na Busingye, hakaba minisiteri y’umutekano mu gihugu iyobowe na Musa Fazil Harerimana, hakaba Urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe amagereza ruyobowe na Rwarakabije, hari Ubushinjacyaha, Urukiko rw’ikirenga n’abandi bose bafite aho bahuriye n’imfungwa zo mu Rwanda.
Nk’uko byumvikanye mu majwi yanyujijwe kuri radiyo Ijwi ry’Amerika, Minisitiri Musa Fazil yagaragaje ko nta bubasha afite ku bakozi b’Urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe amagereza. Nyamara urwo rwego rubarizwa muri ministeri y’umutekano mu gihugu, bityo bikaba bitumvikana ukuntu minisitiri w’umutekano mu gihugu yitotombera ko urwo rwego rudafungura abafungwa barangije ibihano byabo.Iki rero ni ikimenyetso ko ibyo bavuga ko nta muhutu wahawe ubuyobozi na FPR ugira ijambo, bamuha intebe y’ubuyobozi ariko bakamwima ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo bijyanye n’inshingano ze. Igitangaje ni uko iyo hagize ibipfa, uwo muhutu w’ingirwamuyobozi niwe babaza ngo byapfuye areba he, ngo naze yisobanure haba mu nama y’abaminisitiri cyangwa se bakamuteza ya ngirwa nteko ishinga amategeko, bikarangira bamusabye kwegura kuko yabuze ibisubizo by’ibibazo bamubaza. Ibyo bisubizo se yabikura he ko ataba azi aho ibyemezo byafatiwe, ko we aba yarimwe ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo birebana n’inshingano yahawe !
Nunze mu rya wa muhanzi ati « Mbwira abumva », mbona minisitiri w’umutekano yarerekanye uko ibintu bikorwa muri FPR. Mu by’ukuri ntiyumva impamvu icyemezo cyashingiweho mu gufunga umuntu, batagishingiraho bamufungura ! Gusa nyine iyaba yari umuyobozi wemerewe gufata ibyemezo, ntiyakabaye acyibaza icyo kibazo kuko aba yaratanze amabwiriza ajyanye nacyo kandi akubahirizwa na Rwarakabije n’urwego ayobora kubera ko Fazil akuriye Rwarakabije. Aha naho ariko ntitwumve ibintu nabi. Ntabwo ikibazo kiri kuri Rwarakabije, kuko nawe ni umuhutu udafata ibyemezo ahubwo ikibazo kiri ahandi. Baca umugani ngo « Bavuga ibigondamye imihoro ikarakara ». Mu by’ukuri iriya mvugo ya Musa Fazil yagombye kurakaza Rwarakabije kuko niwe wari kuba atunzwe agatoki na Fazil ariko siko byagenze ; Minisitiri w’ubutabera Bwana Busingye niwe warakaye maze abwizanya uburakari Musa Fazil.
Yabanje kumwuka umunabi ashaka kumwemeza ko ibyo ari kuvuga ari ukubeshya, maze Fazil yihagararaho amwemeza ko ibyo avuga ari ukuri kuko abagiye gukora anketi mu magereza ari byo babonye. Aha rero niho chef wa Fazil (Busingye) yahise atanga itegeko ati abo banga gufungura abarangije ibihano byabo nimubirukane. Musa Fazil yabaye nk’usubijwe ubwo yahise avuga ngo « ubwo nta mabwiriza yandi yagombye kuhaba ! » Aha rero Busingye yari amaze gutegeka Fazil icyo gukora, Fazil nawe ati ubwo nta mabwiriza yandi ntegereje nzabirukana abazaba badafungura abarangije ibihano byabo. Muranyumvira namwe ibya ba bayobozi b’abahutu!
Ese ni nde ufungirwa muri gereza ?
Iyo tuvuze gereza ntituba tuvuze za Cashot zo kuri police ahubwo ni za prisons mu rurimi rw’igifransa. Hari inzego eshatu z’abantu bafungirwa muri Gereza :-Aba mbere ni abantu bakekwaho kuba barakoze ibyaha bitandukanye. Aba bajyanwa muri gereza iyo urukiko rwemeje ko baba bafunzwe by’abateganyo mbere y’uko urubanza rwabo rucibwa. Hagomba rero icyemezo cy’urukiko kimufunga by’agateganyo.
-Aba kabiri ni abafunzwe by’agateganyo n’inkiko gacaca kubera kwanga gutanga amakuru bazi kuri génocide. Hagomba icyemezo cy’urukiko gacaca kimufunga kikanagena uko igihe azafungwa kingana. Icyo gihe nticyashoboraga kurenza amezi 3.
-Aba gatatu ni abakatiwe burundu n’inkiko ndetse n’inkiko gacaca. Aba bo bajyanwa muri gereza kugira ngo bajye kurangirizayo igihano bahawe. Hagomba matolewo y’urubanza rwaciwe burundu n’urukiko. Iyo tuvuze urubanza rwaciwe burundu tuba tuvuga urubanza rwamaze kuba itegeko kuko rutagishoboye kujuririrwa.
Ese hasabwa iki ngo gereza yakire abo bafungwa?
Izo mfungwa zose zijyanwa kuri gereza n’inzego zishinzwe umutekano.Izo mfungwa zishyikirizwa abanditsi ba gereza (Greffiers) ari nabo batunganya dossier ya buri mfungwa mbere yo kuyijyana mu cyumba igomba gufungirwamo. Iyo dossier rero igomba kuba irimo icyemezo cyemeza ifungwa ry’uwo muntu. Nta muntu n’umwe ugomba gufungwa muri gereza nta cyemezo cy’umucamanza. Iyo greffier wa gereza atabonye icyemezo cy’umucamanza cyangwa cy’urukiko, ntiyemerewe gufunga uwo muntu. Aha nakwibutsa ko pariki itagifite uburenganzira bwo kohereza umuntu muri gereza.
Iyo rero greffier wa gereza abonye icyemezo cyo gufunga umuntu by’agateganyo cyatanzwe n’urukiko, uwo muntu ahita akorerwa dossier maze agafungwa. Iyo abonye matolewo y’urubanza rukatira umuntu igihano, mbere yo kumukorera dossier no kumufunga, greffier abanza kureba niba urwo rubanza ari urubanza rwamaze kuba itegeko: urubanza rutagishoboye kujuririrwa. Iyo asanze hakiri amahirwe ko urwo rubanza rwajuririrwa, ntafunga uwo muntu bamuzaniye kuko urubanza ruba rutaraba itegeko. Cyakora iyo inkiko gacaca zafungaga umuntu, yahita ajyanwa muri gereza n’ubwo urubanza rwabaga rutaraba itegeko. Yajuriraga ari muri gereza mu gutinya ko yatoroka ubutabera.
Umuntu afungurwa bigenze bite?
Buri cyemezo cy’urukiko, cyaba igifunga umuntu by’agateganyo cyangwa se ikimifunga burundu kigena n’igihe cy’icyo gifungo. Icyo gihe cyagenwe n’urukiko iyo kirangiye, gereza igomba guhita irekura ya mfungwa niba nta kindi cyemezo cy’urukiko kimufunga gihari. Aha rero ntihagombye gutera ikibazo kuko ba greffiers ba gereza ni nabo bita ku madosiye y’abagororwa, baba bazi igihe buri wese azafungurirwa. Mu kurekurwa kw’imfungwa ntibisaba ko urukiko rubifataho ikindi cyemezo, oya.Kuki hari abatarekurwa kandi bararangije ibihano byabo?
Mu bisanzwe, birashoboka ko umuntu yarangiza igihano cye ntahite arekurwa ako kanya kubera impamvu ebyiri:
-Iya mbere iva ku burangare bwa ba greffiers ba gereza. Cyakora ubu burangare bwo ntibwagombye guteza ikibazo kuko n’imfungwa ubwayo inyuze kuri kapita wayo yakwibutsa greffe ko yarangije igihano cyayo maze greffe ikayifungura cyangwa se umwunganizi we mu mategeko akibutsa gereza ko umukiriya we afunze binyuranyije n’amategeko. Mu busanzwe bahita bamufungura.
-Impamvu ya kabiri yaterwa n’uko umuntu yaba yarakatiwe ibihano bitandukanye, kurangiza igihano gito muri byo ntibivuga ko ahita arekurwa, ahubwo afungurwa ari uko arangije igihano kinini mu byo yari yarakatiwe. Aha ni mu bihe bisanzwe.
Mu bihe bidasanzwe rero twavuga ifungwa ritakurije amategeko ryabayeho nyuma y’intambara aho abantu barundwaga mu magerereza nta madosiye akozwe cyangwa se abafunzwe n’ubushinjacyaha by’agateganyo muri gereza ariko dossiers zabo ntizishyikirizwe inkiko ngo zizifateho ibyemezo. Aha niho hari ikibazo cyakomereye ubutabera mu Rwanda. Hagiye hashakwa imiti itandukanye kuri ibyo bibazo ku buryo byari byaragabanutse. Ikibazo cyaje gukomezwa n’inkiko gacaca, nizo zongeye kurunda abantu mu magereza bamwe badafite dossier zuzuye.
Twakwibutsa ko ba greffiers ba gereza batakaje bwa bubasha bari bafite kubera kuvugirwamo no kotswa igitutu n’abayobozi batandukanye ku buryo uwafungwaga n’inkiko gacaca wese bahitaga bamushyira muri gereza n’ubwo ibyangombwa twavuze haruguru bifunga umuntu byabaga ari ntabyo cyangwa se bifite inenge.
Icyagombye gukorwa ni iki?
Ikibazo gihari ni uko ibintu byose baba babigize politiki n’aho iyaba yari amategeko akurikizwa ikibazo kugikemura byari byoroshye cyane:-Abadafite amadosiye bagombye guhita bafungurwa ako kanya kuko bafunzwe binyuranyije n’amategeko. Ndibuka nkiri umushinjacyaha, twashatse gufungura bene abo bantu, procureur aratubuza, ngo hejuru babyanze. Byabaye ngombwa kurindira itangazo rya perezida wa Repubulika kugira ngo abo bantu bafungurwe. Mutekereze namwe kubona perezida wa Repubulika ari we wibutsa ba procureur n’inkiko ko abantu bafunzwe binyuranyije n’amategeko! Ni ukuvuga ngo banze ko amategeko akemura ikibazo, bagiharira politiki. Birababaje kuba umuntu nta dossier afite, aho kumufungura, bakamubaza igihe yafungiwe kugira ngo bayikore (bahimbe).
-Abafunzwe n’ibyemezo bifite inenge cyane cyane iby’inkiko gacaca, byo ni agatereranzamba. Gusa nakunga mu rya Fazil mvuga nti :”niba hari icyemezo kigaragaza imyaka umuntu yakatiwe, nibakigendereho mu kumenya niba yararangije igihano cye maze bamufungure”.
Gusa, hari icyo kwishimirwa, Fazil yatamaje ubutegetsi bwa Kigali mu gihe yerekanaga ko yimwe ububasha bwo gufungura izo nzirakarengane, ni uko shebuja Busingye nawe ahita amuha amabwiriza y’uko agomba kubigenza. Uwanga mazimwe abandwa habona. Naho “inkoko bayibajije impamvu inywa amazi, maze ikareba hejuru yasamye”, maze nayo iti “mba ngira ngo akabi kabone bose”.
Me KUBWIMANA Jacques