Yohani Batista NKULIYINGOMA arasubiza Senateri MUGESERA !

Nyuma y’inyandiko ndende Senateri Antoine Mugesera yanditse avuga icyo atekereza ku gitabo cyanjye ndashimira abantu benshi batanze  ibitekerezo hano kuri izi mbuga bereka Mugesera ko gusoma icyo gitabo atari uguta igihe nk’uko we yashoje abivuga, abandi bakamubwira ko ubutagondwa anshinja ahubwo ariwe ubugaragaza, bakanamubwira ko bimwe mu byo ashaka kugenda agoreka, yigiza nkana kugirango byumvikane nabi, nabo babisomye kandi bakumva neza icyo nashatse kuvuga. Nk’umuntu urebwa cyane n’ibyo Mugesera yanditse ndagirango mubwire uko nanjye nabonye inyandiko ye. Ntabwo ngaruka ku byo yavuzeho byose kuko byasaba kwandika ikindi gitabo ariko hari ingingo z’ingenzi mbona zikwiye kuganirwaho hagamijwe kurushaho kumvikanisha igitekerezo nari mfite nandika, kuko burya  haba ubwo ikibazo umuntu abajije cyangwa commentaire akoze bishobora kugufasha kurushaho kunonosora ingingo.

Ndagirango rero nshimire mbere na mbere Senateri Antoine Mugesera kuba yarafashe umwanya uhagije agasoma « Inkundura ». Ndanamushimira ibitekerezo byiza yari amfiteho muri iyi myaka yose ishize bishingiye ku kazi nakoze mu itangazamakuru.  Koko rero hari n’abandi bantu benshi bitabiriye gusoma igitabo cyanjye bagendeye ku izina bari bamenyereye. Birashoboka ko abo bose batanyuzwe n’ibyanditse mu gitabo kuko ntabwo ukuri twese tukubona kimwe. Hari umuntu wambwiye turebana imbona nkubone ati : ntabwo nzagura igitabo cyawe kuko bambwiye ko wababajwe n’urupfu rwa Agata Uwilingiyimana. Ati : njyewe nabonaga baragombaga kumwica. Naravuze nti : uyu muntu iyo asoma ibyanditse mu gitabo byose najyaga kumukizwa n’iki ? Hari undi muntu wanterefonaga buri kanya anshima ngo nanditse neza ageze ku mapaji y’inyuma aho mvuga amarorerwa yakozwe na FPR ntiyongera kumpamagara cyokora agira ubutwari bwo kumbwira ko atabyishimiye. Sinzi ibisobanuro yongeyeho by’uko Inkotanyi zabaye mu ishyamba zikaba zaranabaye mu buhungiro imyaka 30, ko reroumuntu agomba kuzihanganira ntazishyire ku karubanda cyane nk’uko nabikoze.

Aha ndashaka kubwira Mugesera ko uburakari bwinshi yerekanye amaze gusoma « Inkundura » butantunguye, kimwe n’uko imijugujugu y’abambari ba MRND na CDR itantunguye. Nanditse urugomo rukomeye cyane rwabaye mu gihugu, ntabwo abakoze urwo rugomo cyangwa ababashyigikiye bagombaga kubyakira neza. Cyokora kuri Senateri Mugesera natangajwe n’uko yabaye nk’ikamyo yacitse feri akandika atitangira ku buryo umuntu usanzwe amuzi kandi amwubaha asoma ibyo yanditse akagira isoni. Kubona koko Mugesera tuziranye, twabanye, yandika abaza ubwoko bwanjye. Ubu koko nzasubire kongera kurahira ngo « ni ukuri ku Imana ndi umuhutu » nk’uko nabikoze imbere ya Kigingi hagati muri jenoside ? Nyakubahwa Senateri , iki kibazo cy’uko ngo njijisha ku bwoko bwanjye ubu koko wagitekerejeho ? Ngo kuvuga ko hari benewacu b’abatutsi ni ukwishyira ku ruhande rwabo ? Wari uzi se ko ibintu bimeze bite ? Abatutsi ntibari bene wacu gusa, bari n’inshuti magara, bari abarimu banyigishije (igice kimwe), bari urungano twiganye cyangwa twasangiraga…Ndakwinginze ntuzongere gukinisha imvugo nk’iriya ya ethnisme. Biteye isoni !!!Gusobanura mu gitabo cyanjye y’uko irimburabatutsi ryambabaje ntabwo ari umubare wa poritiki. Nifuza ko abazasoma amateka (na kera twarapfuye) bazamenya uko byagenze, ko ibyo intagondwa z’abahutu zakoze bitari bishyigikiwe n’abahutu bose, ko ibyo intagondwa z’abatutsi zivuga atari ukuri byose uko byakabaye. Ibi ngibi abantu benshi baranyandikira cyangwa bakanterefona babinshimira. Ntabwo mvuze byinshi kuko iyi ngingo nabonye n’abandi bagize icyo bayikubwiraho. N’iyo warwanya umuntu, jya wibuka ko igihugu kikureba. Umuntu mukuru agerageza kwiha akabanga.

Ikibazo cyo gutegura jenoside:

Kuri iki kibazo cyo gutegura jenoside uravuga ko nagiye nivuguruza, ukerekana interuro nakoresheje mvuga ibintu byakozwe mbere y’urupfu rwa Habyarimana byagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwakozwe nyuma, hanyuma ugatangazwa no kubona mpakana ko umugambi wo kurimbura abatutsi wariho kuva mbere hose. Aha ngaha hari ikibazo gikomeye nshaka kugarukaho kugirango igitekerezo cyanjye cyumvikane neza.

Ubwicanyi bwo muri 94 butangiye, bukibasira abatutsi bari mu gihugu n’abanyaporitiki bo mu mashyaka ataravugaga rumwe na MRND-CDR, igitekerezo nagize nuko ibintu byari byarateguwe. Impamvu nuko itsembatsemba ryari rimaze iminsi rivugwa. Imvugo yo gushoza intambara y’amoko yari imaze iminsi mu binyamakuru nka Kangura n’ibindi byari mu murongo wayo. Iyo mvugo yarushagaho kugenda ikaza umurego kugeza ubwo na radiyo RTLM ishinzwe. Ba Lewo Mugesera bari baravuze ibintu bisa n’ibitegura ariya marorerwa yabaye. Hagati aho ariko habayeho amasezerano ya Arusha yari afite intego yo kurangiza intambara nta mivu y’amaraso imenetse. Nyuma y’ayo masezerano gushyiraho inzego z’ubutegetsi byaragoranye ariko byari bikigeragezwa kugeza igihe Habyarimana yiciwe. Nyuma y’urwo rupfu byaragaragaye ko uruhande rwa Habyarimana rwatunguwe cyane kuko ingabo ze zitari zifite ibikoresho byo guhangana n’Inkotanyi. Byongeye kandi Habyarimana yari yarakoze intambwe ikomeye mu kwemera amasezerano ya Arusha kuko yemeye ko ingabo 600 za FPR zinjira muri Kigali n’intwaro zazo. Ibi bituma ntekereza ko Habyarimana yateganyaga gushyira mu bikorwa Arusha ariko akaba yari agihanyanyaza kugirango ibibazo byo muri PL no muri MDR bikemurwe mu nzira ashaka. Iyo ni impamvu ituma bya bimenyetso navuze bisa no gutegura jenoside (planification) mvuga ahubwo ko byabaye ifumbire ya jenoside kuko mbona y’uko icyemezo cyo gushora igihugu muri jenoside cyaba cyarafashwe nyuma y’urupfu rwa Habyarimana.

Muri make, Bwana Senateri, hari za soupçons nagize (nk’abandi benshi)mpereye ku byo nabonaga mbere ya jenoside ariko hari na analyse umuntu akora ashingiye ku bindi yagiye abona nyuma cyangwa ku makuru yagiye amenya. Ku bwanjye, nta kuntu abantu bo ku ruhande rwa Habyarimana bajyaga kumwica batateguye icyo bakora nyuma y’urupfu rwe. Ahubwo Inkotanyi usanga ari zo zari zifite imyiteguro ihagije ku buryo zahise zitangira ibyo zari zateguye. Ba Bagosora bo byaragaragaye ko batunguwe ahubwo nabo batangira gahunda y’ubugome bafashijwe na tensions zari mu gihugu. Aha ndagirango byumvikane ko izo tensions ubwazo zajyaga gutuma hapfa abantu benshi nyuma y’urupfu rwa Habyarimana. Nko muri za komini Murambi cyangwa mu Bugesera cyangwa ahandi izo tensions zari zikabije kuba nyinshi ubwicanyi bwagombaga kuhafata intera ndende, hagapfa abantu benshi, cyane cyane abatutsi. Umuntu ashobora kuvuga ko nko mu cyumweru kimwe hajyaga gupfa abantu bagera nko kuri 20.000, hagati aho ihumure rikagaruka, ubwicanyi bugahagarara. Ibyo ariko ntibyari bihagije kugirango ubwo bwicanyi bwitwe jenoside. Icyatumye ibintu biba jenoside nuko byakwiriye igihugu cyose, n’ahantu hatari za tensions, kandi bikamara n’igihe kirekire ubutegetsi buterekana ubushake bwo kubihagarika, ahubwo ndetse bikaba byaragiye bigaragara ko bwagiye kubitangiza aho byabaga bitikoze (Butare).

Birumvikana ko FPR ikeneye kwemeza ko jenoside yari umugambi wateguwe mbere y’iraswa ry’indege, ibyo bigabanya uburemere bw’icyo gikorwa cyo guhanura indege niba koko byarakozwe na FPR. Kwica Habyarimana na Ntaryamira n’abo bari kumwe bishobora gufatwa nk’igikorwa cy’intambara gikomeye ariko ntabwo kinganya uburemere no gushoza ubwicanyi bwa jenoside igihe bigaragara ko butari bwapanzwe. Ibyo ni byo bituma FPR itsindagira ko uwo mugambi wariho ndetse igashakisha n’abagabo (témoins) bo kubyemeza. Natanze urugero rw’abahagurutse mu Rwanda bakajya mu rukiko Arusha gutanga ubuhamya bwagiye buvuguruzwa (urubanza rwa Kabirigi). Muri raporo ya komisiyo Mucyo ho bavuga ko Matayo Ngirumpatse yabibwiye interahamwe yajyanye n’abafaransa kuzikoresha imyitozo muri pariki y’Akagera. Birumvikana neza ko ari ugushakisha hakoreshejwe ubwo buhamya bw’abanyururu cyangwa abandi bantu bashobora kuvugishwa ibyo babwiwe byose. Ni amahirwe adakunze kuboneka kuba umuntu nka colonel Luc Marchal avuguruza biriya byavugiwe mu rubanza rwa Kabirigi cyangwa kuba Kabirigi nawe ubwe yarashoboye kwerekana ko ku itariki ya 28 mutarama 1994 atari mu Rwanda nyamara abatangabuhamya babiri (LAP na LAI)bari bahurije ku ngingo y’uko uwo munsi yagiye gutanga intwaro i Cyangugu we na Ntagerura. Hari ibindi binyoma bikomeye bishobora kuba bitarabonye uko binyomozwa. Ngiyo impamvu gutangaza inkuru nk’iyo ari ngombwa kuko c’est l’arbre qui cachait une forêt. Iriya chapitre nakoze ku binyoma bya FPR byashoboye gutahurwa ku buryo budasubirwaho yampaye umwanya wo kwerekana amahomvu yanditswe nai komisiyo Mucyo ngo yariigamije kwerekana uruhare rw’abafaransa muri jenoside. Kumbwira ko abatangabuhamya ari benshi ntacyo bihindura, icy’ingenzi ni ukwerekana ko ibivugwa bishoboka.

Ubwicanyi bwakozwe na FPR:

Mugesera arabaza ngo ko wumva abantu bishe Gapyisi n’abishe Gatabazi bazwi kuki badashyikirizwa inkiko ? Ubu se iki kibazo Mugesera arakibaza nde kandi ariwe senateri wagombye gusobanura ibyo leta ikora cyangwa icyo kibazo akagishyikiriza inzego zishinzwe kugikemura. Nagirango ndetse mwibutse ko umugabo witwa Francis Mugabo wakoraga muri ambasadi y’u Rwanda i Nayirobi agafatwa tariki ya 26 gashyantare1998 nyuma yo kurasa Seth Sendashonga (icyo gihe yaramukomerekeje ariko ntiyamwica), uwo Francis Mugabo wafatanywe imbunda igicumba umwotsi leta y’uRwanda yanze kumukuraho ubudahangarwa (immunité diplomatique) kugirago ashyikirizwe ubutabera bwa Kenya ahubwo ihitamo kumugarura mu Rwanda. Ibyo wenda byafasha Senateri Mugesera kumva impamvu abashinjwa kwica Gapyisi na Gatabazi badashyikirizwa inkiko.

Hari ikintu gikomeye Mugesera avuga ku bwicanyi bwakozwe na FPR mbona ko gikwiye gusuzumwa neza. Aragira ati : « Intambara ni ikintu gikomeye cyane kandi ntizirangira nk’uko umupira uhagarikwa n’ifirimbi ya nyuma : zijyana akenshi n’ibindi bibi bita exécutions sommaires, aveugles, na sévices, na représailles, vengeance ndetse na za incarcérations illégales ». Igitabo Senateri avuga cya Philippe Bourdrel kitwa « L’épuration sauvage, 1994-1945 » ntabwo nagisomye ariko ibyo kivuga bishobora koko kuba bifitanye isano n’ibyabereye mu Rwanda. Ikintu ariko gikomeye cyabaye mu Budage nyuma y’intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose nuko hubatswe leta igendera ku mategeko na demokarasi igahagarika vuba ibintu by’urugomo n’ubwicanyi byakuriye intambara. Ikindi  nifuzaga gushimangira nuko urugomo rwo mu ntambara rudakorwa n’uruhande rumwe gusa. Uwasuzuma ibibi by’intambara, akabireba ku mpande zombi atabogamye yafata imyanzuro itandukanye n’iyo leta ya FPR yafashe. Ntabwo wajya ku musozi runaka ngo usange abahutu baregwa kwica no gusahura bose bafunzwe naho abishe abahutu bo ntacyo bavugwaho, ndetse ahubwo n’abiciwe badafite uburenganzira bwo kwibuka ababo ku mugaragaro. Senateri Mugesera aribuka neza uburyo umuhango wo gushyingura mu cyubahiro abasenyeri ba kiliziya gatorika wahagaritswe ku munota wa nyuma, na n’ubu abo basenyeri bakaba bagihambwe by’agateganyo. Umuntu ahereye kuri biriya bitekerezo Mugesera yakuye kuri uriya mwanditsi yahita yumva ko ziriya nkiko gacaca zakatiye abantu gufungwa burundu n’ibindi bihano biremereye cyane atari cyo gisubizo ku bibazo byatewe n’intambara. Ibi rero ni bimwe mu byo nashatse kuvuga muri kiriya gitabo.

Intambara koko ni mbi, n’ingaruka zayo ni mbi cyane. Ntabwo nahamya ko mfite ibisubizo kurusha abandi ariko na FPR ntikwiye kuvuga ko ibyo yatekereje ari byo bikwiye gukorwa byonyine cyane cyane ko bigaragara ko bitafashije umuryango w’abanyarwanda kwiyunga. Ibi bitekerezo ndimo kubyandikira mu Bubiligi Mugesera uri ku butegetsi akansubiza avuga ko nanga u Rwanda n’abanyarwanda. Ngo uwanga abanyarwanda ntakababemo. Ngo uwanga u Rwanda ntakarubemo. Ariya magambo afite uburemere cyane kandi ndashaka kumenyesha Mugesera ko bimbabaje cyane. Icyaha nakoze gituma anshira iteka rifite buriya buremere ni ikihe koko ? Mugesera rwose ubyumve, nta kintu navuze ntahuje n’abandi banyarwanda benshi. Ngirango wabonye inyandiko z’abakwamagana hano ku mbuga uko zingana. Bariya bose ntabwo banga u Rwanda, ntabwo ari inyangarwanda. Kutavuga rumwe ku bibazo bikomereye igihugu ntabwo bihindura bamwe inyangarwanda.  Ibyago bikomeye uRwanda rwagize nuko intambara yitwaga ko ije gukuraho igitugu yagisimbuje ikindi. Kuki wumva koko umuntu atagereranya umushahara wa Habyarimana n’uwa Kagame kandi abo bantu bombi bararwanye umwe ashaka gusimbura undi ? Kuki wumva umuntu atagerereranya ubwicanyi bwakozwe n’interahamwe n’ubw’inkotanyi zakoze kandi byose ari ubwicanyi bwaduhekuye? None se ko utamaganye Rapporteur spécial wa l’ONU, René Degni Ségui, ko na we abigereranya mu raporo ze ? Ushobora kunsubiza unyereka aho nakabije cyagwa aho nibeshye (kuko byombi birashoboka), ariko kunca mu Rwanda ndumva bikabije cyane. Kwandika igitabo nka kiriya ni ukugirango ibibazo bikomeye by’igihugu bivugwe, bityo wenda n’ibisubizo bishakwe. Ntabwo ari ukwanga u Rwanda.

Kanda kuri iri jambo wumve ikiganiro cya Mugesera na Nkuliyingoma : Imvo n'imvano, Mugesera na Nkuliyingoma

Nkuliyingoma Yohani Batista,

Buruseli, tariki ya 23/07/2011.