Rwanda: FPR yagaruye akarengane kavugwa muri "manifeste y'abahutu" !
Umuhanga mu bumenyi bw'amateka yagize ati:" Iyo abantu bibagiwe amateka bituma basubira gukora ibikorwa byabaye mu mateka"! Mu mwaka w'1994 ubwo Paul Kagame yafataga igihugu cy'u Rwanda akoresheje uruhembe rw'umuheto, abana bari barangije amashuri abanza icyo gihe bari bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 14 na 15; muri iki gihe abo bana bafite hagati y'imyaka 38 na 39! Abo bari abana muri icyo gihe ubu nibo banyabwenge u Rwanda rufite, nibo bagize umubare munini w'abayobozi b'igihugu ariko bakaba bafite ikibazo gikomeye cy'uko nta mateka y'u Rwanda bigeze biga! Kuva Paul Kagame yabohoza u Rwanda isomo ry'amateka y'u Rwanda ryaciwe mu masomo yigishwa mu mashuri y'u Rwanda! Abo bayobozi b'iki gihe nibo Jean Damscène Bizimana yirirwa abeshya, ababwira ko abanditse "Manifeste y'abahutu yo mu 1957" bari injiji, ko bayandikiwe n'abazungu kandi ko batari bafite uburenganzira bwo kuvugira abahutu barenganaga icyo gihe! Ibyo Bizimana yavuze, inararibonye Twagiramungu Faustin na Ndagijimana JMV babiteye utwatsi mu kiganiro k'imvo n'imvano cyahise kuri radiyo BBC Gahuzamiryango ku mataliki ya 28 Nyakanga na 4 Kanama uyu mwaka, ariko Boniface Benzinge wari mu nama nkuru y'ubwami n'Antoine Mugesera wabaye senateri muri FPR bakaba barashyigikiye ibitekerezo bya Bizimana!
Igitangaje ariko, ni uko Bizimana yamaganaga abanditse Manifeste y'abahutu ariko ntavuge mubyukuri ibitekerezo byanditse muri iyo "Manifeste" kandi azi neza ko abayobozi muri iki gihe mu Rwanda abenshi batize amateka y'u Rwanda, bityo bikaba byaroroheye Bizimana kwinjiza uburozi mu mitwe y'izo ntore! Ariko se mu byukuri, manifeste y'abahutu ivuga iki? Radiyo BBC Gahuzamiryango yashyize ku rubuga rwayo manifeste y'abahutu kugirango abantu bajye impaka kuriyo bazi neza icyanditsemo! Veritasinfo ikaba yabahitiyemo kubagezaho iyo "Manifeste y'abahutu" yose uko yakabaye. Igitangaje ni uko uko muragenda musoma ibitekerezo biri muri iyo nyandiko muragenda mubona ko akarengane kavugwaga icyo gihe kameze kimwe n'akarengane kariho ubu mu Rwanda kazanywe n'ubutegetsi bwa FPR-Kagame, ibyo bikaba bishimangira ihame ry'uko abatazi amateka bayasubiramo! FPR yatangiye ivugako jenoside mu 1994 yateguwe n'ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana , imaze kubona ko ibyo bitari gufata, kuko iyo jenoside yateguwe n'abahanuye indege ya Habyarimana , nibwo itangiye iturufu ryo kuvuga ko iyo jenoside yateguwe n'abanditse "manifeste y'abahutu"; ariko nabyo bizafata ha mana kuko iyo manifeste yanditswe kubera akarengane ubutegetsi bw'abatutsi bwakoreraga rubanda y'abahutu kandi ikaba yarasubizaga inyandiko y'abatware ba kuru b'ibwami (mise au point)! Ese birashoboka ko abarenganywa babuzwa no gutaka? Kuri Bizimana, Benzinge na Mugesera, babona abahutu bari gukomeza kurengana ntibabivuge, kuba barabivuze bikaba bifatwa nk'icyaha! Buri wese yisomere iyi nyandiko maze yimenyere ukuri kw'amateka:
MANIFESITE Y’ABAHUTU 24.03.1957 (igice cya 1)
IGITEKEREZO KU MITERERE Y’IKIBAZO CY’UBWOKO MU MIBEREHO N’IMIBANIRE MU RWANDA
Impuruza ziturutse mu itangazamakuru cyangwa mu magambo zarangije kugera ku butegetsi bw’Abiligi, ku miterere y’iki gihe, y’imibanire hagati y’Abahutu n’Abatutsi mu Rwanda. Izo mpuha mwaba muzizi cyangwa mutazizi, zikomoza ku kibazo twe tubona gikomeye, ikibazo gishobora gukurura amakimbirane cyangwa kikaba cyanabangamira igikorwa ndangamirwa Ububiligi bukora mu Rwanda. Ikibazo cy’ubwoko mu Banyarwanda ni ikibazo cy’imbere mu Gihugu ku buryo budashidikanywaho, ariko se ni ikihe kibazo cyikiri icy’imbere mu gihugu kimwe, kihariwe n’akarere aka n’aka aho isi igeze muri iki gihe !
Ni gute iki kibazo cyahishwa mu gihe, ingorane za politike za gikoloni zisa nizigongana n’izo i Burayi ? Kuri izi ngorane za politiki, ingorane mu bukungu n’imibereho myiza, hiyongereyeho Ubwoko, umujinya bibyara ukaba usa nugenda ukaza ubukana. Uko bimeze ni uku ; binyuze mu muyoboro w’umuco, inyungu zituruka kuri Gikoloni zisa nizigana ku ruhande rumwe, ku buryo budashidikanywaho – Uruhande rw’Umututsi- bityo bikaba bitegura mu bihe bizaza ingorane zirenze izitwa ubungubu « ibibazo gatatanya ». Ntacyo byaba bimaze kirambye gukemura ikibazo hagati y’ubutegetsi bw’Ububiligi n’ubutegetsi bw’Abatutsi, niba ikibazo nyamukuru kiri hagati y’Abahutu n’Abatutsi kirengagijwe nkana.
Ni kuri iki kibazo, twifuza gutangaho umusanzu n’ibisobanuro. Dusanga byubaka kugaragariza mu magambo make ukuri k’ubwoba dufite, Ubutegetsi bwaragijwe u Rwanda, ubwo bwoba bukaba ari ikibazo ku Banyarwanda bose aho kuba ikibazo cy’agatsiko katageze no kuri 14%.
Ikibazo hutu-tutsi gituruka ahanini ku mitere n’inzego z’imibereho n’imiyoborere by’u Rwanda rwo hambere, zituruka ku Buhake by’umwihariko, ku miyoborere y’u Rwanda y’Ububiligi bwifashishije Umwami n’Abatutsi gusa, kimwe n’izimangatana ry’inzego zimwe na zimwe z’imiyobore n’imibanire bya kera zitigeze zisimbuzwa inshya ngo zizibe icyo cyuho. Niyo mpamvu twakwishimira kubona hashyizweho amashyirahamwe aharanira inyungu z’abakozi (Syndicats), gufasha no gushyigikira ivuka n’ubwiyongere bw’umubare ugaragara w’Abanyarwanda bakorera ku giti cyabo (Classe moyenne). Ubwoba, kwisuzugura no gukenera Shebuja, byitirirwa kamere y’Umuhutu, niyo byaba bifite ukuri, ni ingaruka z’imiyoborere ishingiye kuri gihake. Ni ubwo byaba ari ukuri, gikolini y’Ububiligi ntacyo yaba yaragezeho cyiza, niba nta ngufu ishyize mu gukuraho burundu izo ngorane no kubohora u Rwanda rwose.
0 -IMBOGAMIZI Z’URWITWAZO ZIRWANYA ITERAMBERE RY’UMUHUTU.
Ntabwo byari byoroshye kugirango umuhutu yigobotore ubutegetsi bw'abatutsi n'ubw'abazungu b'ababiligi icyarimwe
Hagamije kubangamira iterambere ry’Umuhutu, hatangwa impamvu nyinshi tubagezaho. Tutirengagije ko Abahutu bagira inenge, kandi ntabwoko cyangwa ikiciro cy’abantu kitagira inenge zacyo, tukaba twifuza ibikorwa byo gukosora izo nenge z’Abahutu aho kwitwaza ko Umuhutu azahora iteka munsi y’Umututsi. Havugwa cyane ibi by’umwihariko :
a) «Ko Abahutu bigeze gutwara mu Rwanda ». Ibi bivugwa bikaba nta shingiro bifite mu miyoborere y’iki gihe igaragarira buri wese.
b) Ubusugi bw’Abatutsi bubagaraza nk’abavukiye guhaka no gutegeka «Abahutu». Ubwo bumanzi bushobora kugenderwaho n’uwo ari wese nk’umutaliyani, Umudage, umwongereza, Umuyapani, Umufurama cyangwa Umuwalo, ugamije ubwikanyize.
c) «Ngo ni iki Abahutu bize bamariye bene wabo ?» -Iki ni ikibazo cy’imitere y’igihe cy’ubu ariko kikaba gishingiye ku buhake bishingirwaho mu gutanga akazi. Hiyongeraho kandi ibura ry’uburenganzira buhagije bwatuma Umuhutu afata iya mbere mu kwiteza imbere mu gihugu gishingiye ku butegetsi bw’Umwami utavuguruzwa, mu gihugu Umuhutu ategetswe n’inzego z’imiyoborere guhora inyuma mu bukungu, nabahawe imirimo ikaba imirimo yo hasi, ibyo byose ni byo bikumira buri Muhutu uwo ari we wese wagerageza gufasha Umuhutu mugenzi we.
d) «Ngo Abahutu nibahitemo biyamarize imyanya y’ubuyobozi cyangwa se bategereze igihe ipfunwe ryo kwiyumva mu nsi y’Umututsi rizabashirashiramo burundu» - Kwiyamamaza mu matora bisaba imyumvire ya Demukarasi. Uru rwitwazo rwiyibagiza ko nubwo ubuhake bwaciwe bitavanyeho ukubaha ubutegetsi na Shebuja. Twibutse ahangaha igitekerezo cy’umwe ma Batutsi bakomeye, wagize ati : « Si byiza ko Abahutu barerwa n’Umunyarwanda, bagomba kurerwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwa gakondo bw’Umututsi ! » Twe ntidutekereza ko uburyo bwo kwihutura bwazurwa mu mihurire y’Uburayi n’Afrika.
e)«Rubanda ngo izakurikira kandi». – Ubufatanye hagati y’Injijuke na Rubanda ntawabuhakana, ariko byashoboka ari Injujuke zibaye Rubanda. Umuzi w’ikibazo, ni gikolonize igerekeranye ubugira kabiri : Umuhutu agomba guhakwa no gutegekwa n’Umututsi, yarangiza akubaha Umunyaburayi n’amategeko ye, anyuzwa iteka ryose ku Mututsi (Leta Mbiligi na Leta Ntutsi) ! Ubu buryo busa n’imodoka ya Rukururana « Umuzungu – Umututsi – Muhutu » bugomba kuvanwaho. Ingero zirahari zerekana ko rubanda idakurikira buhumyi buri gihe cyose.
f)«Ubumwe, bwo shingiro rukumbi ry’urugamba rusange mu guharanira ubwigenge bw’igihugu, busaba Abahutu kuba bahagaritse guharanira uburenganzira bwabo» - Biteye impungenge ko Ubumwe bw’ako kageni, bw’ishyaka rimwe, bwaba ngombwa niba urubuto rwo kwigobotora kw’Abahutu rweze ! – Twongeyeho ko kugenda k’Umuzungu (kurangira k’ubukoloni) gushobora gusubiza igice cyimwe cy’abaturage mu buja n’ubugaragu burenze ubwa mbere y’umwaduko w’abazungu. Iki gice gifite uburenganzira bwo kwifata mu gufatanya kugamije guharanira Ubwigenge, kigaharanira bikomeye kugaragaza ingorane n’ibibazo bigomba kubanza kubonerwa umuti mbere yuko igihugu kibona ubwigenge.
1-IKIBAZO CY’UBWOKO GITEYE GITE MU RWANDA ?
Abazungu bashimangiye imyemerere y'abatutsi ko umuhutu yavukiye gukora ko nta bwenge afite bwo kuyobora!
Hari abibaza niba cyaba gituruka ku ntambara hagati y’Amoko cyangwa niba ari ikibazo cy’imibanire hagati y’Abahutu n’Abatutsi. Ibyo ni amagambo kuri twe. Mu kuri no mitekereze y’abantu ni byombi. Tubisobanure : ikibazo ni icyo kwiharira ubutegetsi kw’ubwoko bumwe gusa bw’Abatutsi ; kwiharira ubutegetsi, byakwikubitaho imiterere y’inzego z’ubutegetsi, bigahinduka ubwikanyize, ubwikubire mu bukungu, no mibereho rusange. Ubwikubire n’ubwikanyize mu miyoborere y’igihugu, bwakwiyongeraho ubwikanyize mu mashuri, bugahinduka ubwikanyize mu muco, ipfunwe ry’Abahutu rikiyongera kuko babona bazahora iteka ari abagererwa. Iri pfunwe ryarenga urugero nyuma y’ubwigenge baba barafashije Abatutsi mu guharanira, batazi ibyo bakora. Ubuhake bwaraciwe, ariko busimburwa ni ubwikubire n’ubwikanyize rusange, bubyara akarangane abaturage binubira :
-Ubwikanyize mu miyoborere y’igihugu (Ubwikubire muri politiki): Ingirwabashefu b’Abahutu ni nka kidasanzwe kiberaho kuzuza ihame ! Nuburyo kandi bwatumaga ibyo bibaho ntibukiriho: Ibi ntibivuze ko twifuza kugarura Ubuhuture n’ubututsure bw’Abahutu. Naho ibyerekeranye n’uruvange hagati y’Abahutu n’Abatutsi ndetse nuko ngo Abahutu bagiye bahinduka Abahamite, Abatutsi, ibaruramibare, isobanurabisekuru, cyangwa se n’abaganga ni bo bonyine bashobora gutanga ibisubizo bidafite aho bibogamiye kandi bidashidikanywaho ….
-Ubwikubire mu Bukungu no mibereho myiza. Inyungu z’umuvandimwe w’Umututsi utegeka umusozi zigera iteka kandi zigateza imbere Umututsi mwene se wikorera ku giti cye. Imirimo imwe yahariwe ibikomangoma, gikoloni ihereye ku miyoborere, hifashishijwe Abatutsi gusa, yafashije mu gukomeza no kwongera ubwo bwikanyize. Igabana ry’inka riheruka ryagaragaje intege nke z’uburenganzira ku mutungo w’inka nk’urugero. Ubutaka na bwo, mu rugero rurenze icyakabiri cy’u Rwanda, mu turere twiganjemo abatutsi, ubutaka si umutungo bwite ku Muhutu ubutuyemo. Ibi bikaba bitesha ingufu mu kongera umusaruro uva ku murimo, abantu badafite uburyo bwo kwiteza imbere usibye amaboko yabo, baba batsikamiwe. Ducecetse shiku n’ibikonkwani by’ubwoko butandukanye, bikorwa n’Abahutu gusa, Umututsi akaba afite umwanya wose wo kwiteza imbere mu bukungu.
-Ubwikanyize mu muco. Aha naho dushobora guhakana ubumanzi bw’Abatutsi ba nyabo, ariko itoranya rigaragara mu mashuri, rigaragarira buri wese. Ibisobanuro bikaba birabonetse byo kugaragaza ko Umuhutu adashoboye, ko ari umukene, ko atazi kugaragara neza. Ubushobozi buke bw’Abahutu buzagaragarizwe ishingiro, ubukene bwo ni ingaruka z’imiterere y’inzego z’imibanire mu Rwanda; naho kubyereke imyitwarire n’imimerere, turasaba ababivuga kugira ubukerebutsi no gushyira mu gaciro. Mu bihe biri imbere, hazasabwa za dipolome (impamyabumenyi, impamyabushobozi), kandi bizaba bikwiye, kandi izo dipolome zizaba zifitwe n’Abatutsi gusa, Umuhutu we ntazamenya ni icyo iryo jambo risobanuye. Haramutse (Imana ibiturinde) habonetse izindi ngufu zamenya gukurura umwiryane hagati ya rubanda nyamwinshi, ifite ipfunwe n’akababaro hamwe n’Abafite amadipolome ! Ikibazo cy’ubwoko kizakomeza byose kandi ntihazaba hagikenewe kimenya niba ikibazo ari Ubwoko cyangwa ubwumvikane buke mu mibereho ya buri munsi.
Twe twemeza ko ubwikanyize muri byose ari bwo shingiro ry’urugomo rw’ubwoko bwose abaturage binubira. Dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe n’imitekerereze y’iki gihe bishobora kugaragaza imiterere nyakuri y’iki gihe :
1)Urubyiruko rw’Abahutu (kimwe n’Abatutsi banyazwe burundu bafite ingorane zimwe) rufite umugambi umwe « In itineribus semper », amahitamo si menshi, inzira ni imwe haba mu gihugu imbere cyangwa mu mahanga, ni uguhunga shiku n’ikiboko, bitakijyanye n’imitekerereze y’iki gihe, urubyiruko ntirukihanganira imyitwarire y’igitsure, ari nayo ibyara akarengane ubuyobozi bwirengagiza.
2)Abagabo batunga bibagoye imiryango yabo; Wagira ngo hari politiki, wenda zitagenderewe, zibakangurira kwanga Umuzungu, abenshi banatekereza ko guverinoma y’Ububiligi ifatanyije n’ubutegetsi bw’Abatutsi mu kabokoresha bucakara n’agatunambwene.
3)Byongeye kandi, Ibitekerezo nk’iki, bimaze kugwira : « Mu gihe abakoloni bazaba bagiye, tuzasubira mu bucakara n’ubuhake burengeje ubukana ubwa kera. Birababaje ko ahubwo atari Umuzungu ubaye shefu, surushefu cyangwa umucamanza », atari uko bibwira ko Umuzungu ari ntamakemwa, ahubwo ari ukubera ko iyo bibaye ngombwa guhitamo hagati y’ibibi bibiri uhitamo ikibi buhoro. Kuganda ku mategeko amwe n’amwe y’abasushefu ni kimwe mu ngaruka z’urwo rwigekwe.
4) Akababaro k’Abahutu babona benewabo bagenerwa gusa imirimo yo hasi. Buri politike ikoreshwa mu kabahigika ibonwa na bose. Kubera ibyo, intambara yo kwirengera cyangwa urwango rw’abanyamahanga birakozwaho imitwe y’intoki. Ibitekerezo bya gikominisite (communistes) bikaba byahabonera icyuho.
BIRACYAZA.