Rwanda-M23: Umugabo Steve Hege yambitse ubusa Kagame Paul na Museveni imbere y'isi yose, ikinyoma cyabo yagishyize ahagaragara!

                                                            Steve Hege

 

Hari umuco umenyerewe mu Rwanda wo guhimbira abantu ibyaha bikozwe n’abayobozi bakorera Kagame Paul na FPR, noneho abo bayobozi bagasaba umwe mubagize umuryango w’uwo bahimbiye ibyaha (umugore we, umwana we…) kumushinja ibyo binyoma kumugaragaro ! Iyo mikorere yiswe gutekinika, u Rwanda rumaze kuyigiramo uburambe kuburyo noneho rurimo kuyikoresha no kumpuguke z’umuryango w’abibumbye ! Urugero rutari kure ni ubu buhamya duhabwa n’umuyobozi w’itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu witwa Steve Hege ; yakoranye na leta y’u Rwanda, ayifasha gucyura bamwe mubasilikare bakomeye ba FDLR mu Rwanda, afasha Kagame na FPR gukora dosiye zo gushinja abantu bose bari mu mahanga bashyigikiye FDLR barimo Murwanashyaka Ignace na Musoni mu Budage ! Nyuma y’ibyo bikorwa bikomeye yakoreye FPR, Hege yaje gukora raporo igaragaza uburyo u Rwanda ruteza umutekano muke muri Congo ari nabyo byaruviriyemo guhagarikirwa inkunga n’ibihugu bimwe by’inshuti zarwo ! Ubwo u Rwanda rwahise rujya gushaka aba FDLR bo gushinja Hege ko yabahaga intwaro ! Niba se Onu nayo bageze aho bayitekinika ubwo hasigaye nde ? Umenya ari Imana n’abamarayika !

 

Umushakashatsi w’umunyamerika witwa Steve Hege yayoboye itsinda ry’impuguke za ONU ryari rishinzwe kugenzura uruhare rw’ibihugu by’amahanga cyane cyane u Rwanda na Uganda, mu guha inkunga umutwe wa M23 wafashe umujyi wa Goma mu kwezi  k’Ugushyingo 2012 ; nyuma uwo mutwe ukaza kwiyemeza kuva muri uwo mujyi wari wafashe umaze kwemererwa kugirana ibiganiro na Leta ya Congo ubu birimo bibera i Kampala mu gihugu cya Uganda.

 

Raporo eshatu zakozwe n’itsinda ry’izo mpuguke zagaragaje bidasubirwaho inkunga umutwe w’inyeshyamba za M23 uhabwa n’ibihugu by’amahanga. Izo raporo zikaba zaratumye abayobozi b’u Rwanda na Uganda banenga iryo tsinda ry’impuguke za Onu ariko bibasira cyane umuyobozi w’iryo tsinda ry’impuguke umunyamerika Steve Hege. Muri iki gihe iryo tsinda ry’impuguke ryarangije akazi karyo rikaba ryiteguye gusimburwa n’irindi tsinda ry’impuguke rizakomeza akazi kakorwaga n’irya mbere ; umushakashatsi Steve Hege abyemerewe na bagenzi be bari kumwe mu itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu yemeye guha ikiganiro kirambuye ikinyamakuru kitwa « Le Soir ».

 

Ni iki kiranga abagize itsinda ry’impuguke za ONU ?

 

Itsinda ry’impuguke za ONU rigizwe n’abantu batandatu, buri wese mubagize iryo tsinda ashyirwaho n’umunyamabanga mukuru w’umuryango w’abibumbye amaze kumukorera isuzuma afatanyije n’akanama k’ibihugu 15 gashinzwe amahoro ku isi. Abagize itsinda ry’impuguke aba ari abahanga mugushaka ibimenyetso(enquêteurs) n’abashakashatsi (chercheurs) bigenga, buri wese aba afite uburambe buhanitse kandi bunyuranye mu bumenyi bujyanye n’ibikorwa aba yahamagariwe gukora mu gihe runaka, twavuga nk’ubuhanga bwo gushakisha ibimenyetso byo gutanga intwaro,ubuhanga bwo kumenya aho imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikura amafaranga,ubuhanga bwo kumenya uko umutungo kamere ugurishwa, ubuhanga bwo kumenya ibyaha bihohotera uburenganzira bwa muntu no kugira ubuhanga bwo kumenya ibibera ku mipaka y’ibihugu.

 

Mu gihe ryari ryahawe gukoramo, itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu ryari riyobowe na Hege ryibanze kukarere k’uburasirazuba bwa  Congo, impuguke z’iryo tsinda rikaba ryari rifite ubumenyi bwimbitse kubibera mu karere k’ibihugu bigize ibiyaga bigari, nko kumenya uko imitwe y’amahanga yitwaje intwaro ndetse n’iyo mu gihugu cya Congo ikora.

 

Mu gihe cya manda yacu (Hege) kuva mu 2011 kugera mu 2012, twifashishije ubuhanga bwacu n’uburambe dufite mu kazi kuko impuguke 5 twari kumwe nazo zari zifite uburambe kuko na mbere zari mu itsinda ryari rirangije igihe cyaryo maze zongererwa indi manda. Urugero natanga ni nko kubindeba ubwanjye  kuko bwari bubaye ubwa gatatu ntoranywa mubagomba kugira itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu. Abiha kunenga no gupfobya ibikorwa by’itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu mu mwaka w’2012 bagombye kwiyumvisha mu bwenge bwabo ko uretse ikinyuranyo gito cyane cyabagize iryo tsinda ry’impuguke, abagize itsinda ry’impuguke mu mwaka  w’ 2012 ntibigeze bahindurwa  kandi ibikorwa izo mpuguke za Onu  zakoze mbere y’uwo mwaka bikaba bitarigeze binengwa.

 

Mwakoresheje ubuhe buhanga bwatumye mumenya ko ibihugu byo hanze , birimo n’u Rwanda byahaga inkunga umutwe wa M23 (kujya aho ibikorwa bibera, ibiganiro,ubuhamya bw’abantu babirimo…) ?

 

Nkuko bisobanuye ku mugereka wa kabiri wa raporo y’umusozo, twakoresheje uburyo (méthodes) busobanutse neza mubushakashatsi bwacu ; mbere yo gukoresha ubwo buryo (méthodes) bwabanje gusuzumwa no kwemerwa n’akanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi. Mbere ya byose twahisemo ubuhamya twahabwaga n’abantu bari bafite uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa, barimo abahoze barwana mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro. Nko kubyerekeranye n’umutwe wa M23 twabajije abarwanyi bavuye muri izo nyeshyamba barenga 100 muri bo 57 bakaba baratwemereye ko ari abanyarwanda buzuye, bose bakaba baraduhaye amakuru asobanutse neza avuga uburyo u Rwanda rutera inkunga inyeshyamba za M23.

 

Twahuje amakuru twahawe n’izo nyeshyamba za M23 n’andi makuru twakuye ahantu harenga ijana cyane cyane avuye mubayobozi b’inzego zibanze, mubacuruzi, mubaturage basanzwe, mubahoze ari abasilikare b’ingabo z’u Rwanda, mu bahoze ari abarwanyi ba CNDP bafitanye ubushuti n’abavandimwe babo baba muri M23 kandi bakaba bakomeza gushyikirana nabo.

 

Twakurikiraniye hafi kandi amanama y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro n’abakangurambaga bayo bafitanye isano n’u Rwanda(umugereka wa 41), twashate ibimenyetso ku ihererekanya ry’amafaranga( umugereka wa 34),twabonye amakuru yavuye muguhamagarana hakoreshejwe telefoni hagati y’abagize iyo mitwe yitwaje intwaro (umugereka wa 59),twafashe amajwi ku maradiyo y’itumanaho hagati y’inyeshyamba n’abasilikare bakuru b’ingabo z’u Rwanda (umugereka wa 26), twabonye amakuru avuye kubyatangarijwe kumugaragaro n’imfungwa nka Loger Lumbara (umugereka wa 45), twabonye amakuru twakuye mubutumwa bwa interineti (e-mail) n’ubutumwa bugufi bwa telefoni (sms) bigaragara ku mugereka wa 42, twabonye amakuru twakuye kubyangombwa by’abasilikare baguye kurugamba (umugereka wa 18 na 37) kimwe n’amakuru twakuye kumashusho y’icyogajuru (satellite) yerekanaga neza inzira zikoreshwa n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa M23 buzihuza n’ibirindiro by’ingabo z’u Rwanda, ayo mashusho akaba yarahuzaga neza n’ubuhamya twahabwaga n’abahoze barwana muri izo nyeshyamba (umugereka wa 6). Hejuru yibyo hiyongeraho andi makuru twabonye agaragaza uburyo u Rwanda rugemurira M23 intwaro, twanakoze ubushakashatsi bw’uburyo M23 ikoresha ikanacunga intwaro n’ibikoresho bya kera byakoreshwaga n’ingabo z’u Rwanda nk’intwaro nini n’amasasu yazo zitigeze ziba mu ntwaro z’ingabo za Congo kuko zitari ku rutonde rw’intwaro zizwi Congo yigeze itunga (umugereka wa 7) kimwe n’imyenda ya gisilikare y’ingabo z’u Rwanda yakorerwaga i Kigali (umugereka 15).

 

Ingendo nyinshi twakoreye mu gice kigenzurwa n’inyeshyamba, twiboneye ubwacu ibikorwa bigaragaza ubufatanye buri hagati y’inyeshyamba n’umutwe udasanzwe (force spéciale) w’ingabo z’u Rwanda wari muri Congo n’uburyo inyeshyamba zahabwaga ibikoresho bya gisilikare bivuye mu bihugu byo hanze.

 

Twagerageje ubwacu gushyiraho urwego ruduha amakuru y’ibikorerwa mu mutwe wa M23, urwo rwego (source) rukaba rwaraduhaye amakuru y’uko u Rwanda rufasha M23. Hejuru y’iterabwoba ryo gushaka kuduhohotera twe ubwacu kimwe n’abafasha bacu, twakoze ingendo zirenga 7 mu Rwanda, twibanda mubice bikomeye byavugwagamo ko ariho M23 ikura abarwanyi b’abasivili yinjiza mu mutwe wayo kugira ngo dusuzume neza niba amakuru twahabwaga n’abahoze barwanira izo nyeshyamba ariyo koko,aho batubwiye ihoteli ya Bushokoro iri muri Kinigi ; ibyo batubwiye twasanze bihuye nibyo twiboneye ubwacu ndetse hiyongereyeho ko iyo hoteli yari izengurutswe n’abasilikare benshi b’u Rwanda barindaga aho hantu hakomeye hakoreshwa n’inyeshyamba za M23 (umugereka wa 19).

 

Nyuma yibyo byose amakuru yacu twari tumaze kubona yashimangiwe n’amakuru twahawe n’inzego z’iperereza zo mu bihugu bya Uganda, Uburundi n’ibihugu by’iBuryayi (umugereka wa 22) kimwe n’inzego z’iperereza  z’igihugu cya Congo n’ubwo leta ya Congo yanze gufatanya kumugaragaro n’abashakashatsi bacu mu gushaka ibimenyetso twashyize mu mugereka wa raporo y’ibanze twakoze.

 

Leta y’u Rwanda igushinja ko ushyigikiye FDLR, ukaba ufite ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside ndetse ukaba wanga urunuka u Rwanda, ibyo urabivuga ho iki ?

 

Leta y’u Rwanda yagerageje kubanza gutanga ibisobanuro kubirego biri mu mugereka wa raporo twakoze byerekeranye n’ibyaha byo kurenga ku itegeko ribuza kohereza intwaro muri Congo kugira ngo dushobora guhindura ibivugwa muri iyo raporo. Imaze kubona ko ibyo yashakaga byanze, bitewe ni uko ibisobanuro byayo bitarimo ukuri ndetse bitanasobanutse, leta yahisemo kudusebya ikoresheje  itangazamakuru, diplomasi no muburyo bw’amategeko, ko imyanzuro ya raporo yacu ntagaciro ifite.

 

Abatwibasira bibanda kuri raporo y’inyandiko yagombaga gusuzumwa mu mwiherero (document interne) aho nafashwe nk’ikibazo, iyo nyandiko yashyizwe ku mbuga za interineti ntabushishozi bikoranywe, nyamara iyo nyandiko yagombaga gusuzumanwa ubushishozi ku myitwarire ya FDLR ku bibazo yari gutera abaturage b’abasivili mu gihe hategurwaga ibikorwa byo kurwanya uwo mutwe mu mwaka w’2009 ;hanyuma hagatekerezwa n’ibikorwa byo gusubiza mubuzima busanzwe abasilikare bagize uwo mutwe no kubacyura mu gihugu cyabo kavukire hakurikijwe politiki n’amateka biranga akarere,hakanarebwa n’ubwicanyi bwakorewe ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwiswe « raporo ya mapping » ya Onu kuko ibiyikubiyemo biri mungengabitekerezo ya FDLR. Nta kintu na kimwe kiri mu nyandiko nasohoye gihakana jenoside y’abanyarwanda. Ahubwo iyo nyandiko igaragaza uruhare rwa bamwe mubayobozi ba FDLR  muri jenoside y’u Rwanda.

 

Uwo mwitozo wo gukora inyandiko yo gusezengura FDLR, wakorewe n’indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro iri muburasirazuba bwa Congo harimo n’umutwe wa CNDP muri icyo gihe ariko ibyo ntibivuga ko nshyigikiye imigambi yayo. Bagitangira kunyibasira nasabye ko iyo nyandiko kuri FDLR yakurwa ku mbuga kuko yari inyandiko isanzwe igenewe gusuzumwa mu bwiherero ntabwo yari igenewe gushyirwa ku karubanda cyane ko n’izindi nyandiko kuyindi mitwe yitwaje intwaro zitashyizwe ahagaragara.

 

Mugukora inyandiko kuri FDLR, leta y’u Rwanda yari izi neza intego zanjye cyane ko ndi umushakashatsi mubyerekeranye n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro. Mu gihe cya manda zanjye mu itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu mu myaka ya 2010 na 2011 twafatanyaga n’inzego z’iperereza za leta y’u Rwanda zaduhaye amakuru menshi twagerageje gusuzuma neza ngo tuyemeze tugendeye kuyandi makuru twari dufite twakuye kubahoze ari abarwanyi ba FDLR.Ni ubwo abanyarwanda twari dufatanyije batashimishijwe n’imyanzuro twatanze kubufatanye bwa FDLR na Kayumba Nyamwasa utavuga rumwe na leta muri 2011, bemeye ibyo twagaragaje muri iyo raporo kuko babonaga ntaho bibogamiye hakurikijwe uburyo bw’ubushakashatsi bwemewe na Onu.

 

Ikindi kandi ni uko itsinda ry’impuguke, nanjye ubwanjye kuburyo bw’umwihariko twafatanyije n’abagenzacyaha b’igihugu cy’Ubadage murubanza ruregwamo umuyobozi wa politiki wa FDLR n’umwungiriza we. Ni muri urwo rwego hifashishijwe itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu hakozwe inyandiko igaragaza neza amashami y’abantu bo hanze bateraga inkunga FDLR, bikaba byaratumye uwo mutwe ucika intege kandi ugashyirwa mu kato kugeza ubu n’ubwo muri iyi minsi wagaragaje ubushake bwo kugarura akabaraga ukurikije intambara ya M23.

 

Ikindi kandi, ni uko mbere yo kujya mu mutwe w’impuguke za Onu, mu mwaka w’2006 n’2007, nakoze muri Monuc (ingabo za ONU muri Congo) nk’umusilikare mu kuru ushinzwe gusubiza mubuzima busanzwe abasilikare bavuye kurugero. Kubera uwo mwanya nari mfite byatumye nshobora kugenda n’amaguru ngera kure cyane mu mashyamba ya Kivu ya ruguru na Kivu y’amajyepfo aho nabonanye nabasilikare ba FDLR benshi nagiye nkangurira gutahuka, bikaba byaragenze neza kuko benshi bagiye barambika intwaro hasi bagatahuka. Nyamara ibyo ntibyabujije leta y’u Rwanda nkushyiraho ibyo birego byose byo gushyigikira FDLR kugeza n’ubwo ihaye ruswa bamwe mubasilikare bakuru ba FDLR kugirango batange ubuhamya bw’ibinyoma bwemeza ko ngo nabahaye intwaro mu gihe cy’imyaka ine(4).

 

N’ubwo leta y’u Rwanda yasabye kenshi ko nasezererwa mu itsinda ry’impuguke za ONU, nta muntu n’umwe wo mu kanama gashinzwe gutanga ibihano wigeze ambaza ikibazo cyo kubogama kwanjye.

 

Urwanda rurahakana ibirego byose ruregwa ndetse rukemeza ko mutigeze muruha uburenganzira bwo kwiregura, nta nubwo mwigeze muha agaciro ibisobanuro byarwo cyangwa ngo mwite kubyo rwanenze muri raporo yanyu yo muri Nyakanga ; mwasubiza iki kuri ibyo birego ?

 

Mubyukuri, twahaye uburyo bwinshi leta y’u Rwanda kugirango ishobore kugira icyo isubiza kumwanzuro wa raporo twakoze. Ubwa mbere banze kutwakira mu rugendo rwa mbere twakoreye i Kigali mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi, aho batubwiye ko kuza kwacu ntaho guhuriye nibyo gukurikirana ibyaha byo kunyura kumasezerano yo gutanga intwaro muri Congo, ibyo bisobanuro bikaba bitari bifite ireme kuko ubusanzwe itsinda ry’impuguke za ONU ribereyeho kureba iyubahirizwa ryo kutagemura intwaro muri Congo ; ikindi kandi mugihe akanama gashinzwe ibihano kadusabaga kudashyira  kuri raporo yibanze raporo y’umugereka yerekanaga ibimenyetso bishinja u Rwanda kurenga kumasezerano yo kunyura kumasezerano yo kugemura intwaro muri Congo, madame ministre w’ububanyi n’amahanga w’u Rwanda yirinze kugira igisobanuro na kimwe aduha kumyanzuro ya raporo twari tumugejejeho. Nyuma y’amasaha make tumaze kubonana, madame ministre yatangarije itangazamakuru ko nta muntu numwe mu Rwanda wigeze umenyeshwa imyanzuro ya raporo twakoze !

 

Kubyerekeranye n’inyandiko leta y’u Rwanda yanditse ibeshyuza ibyo itemera muri raporo, twayisuzumanye ubushishozi ndetse tugira n’ibisobanuro tuyitangaho nk’uko twabigaraje kumugereka wa 3 wa raporo yacu isoza. Muruzinduko rwacu rwa kabiri i Kigali mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga twaboneyeho gutega amatwi ibyo leta y’u Rwanda inenga kuri  raporo twakoze ariko twasanze abo twavuganaga bari bashishikajwe mbere ya byose no kumenya abantu baduhaye amakuru (source) twashyize muri raporo, kandi bizwi neza ko tudashobora kuvuga aho twakuye amakuru nk’uko biri mu cyegeranyo cyemejwe na ONU muburyo twifashisha bwo gukora ubushakashatsi bwacu.

 

Ikingenzi twabonye muri uwo mubonano, ni uko intumwa za leta zashatse kutwumvisha ko u Rwanda rwagambaniwe na leta ya Congo ibifashijwemo n’urwego rw’ubutasi rwayo. Mubyukuri, mu ntangiriro z’ubushakashatsi bwacu ni ukuvuga hagati y’ukwezi kwa gashyantare na kamena, abayobozi ba Congo bagerageje kutubangamira mu kugera kumakuru nyayo yagaragazaga uruharwe rw’u Rwanda mu bibazo bya Congo, kuko abo bayobozi bashakaga kugirana imishyikirano ya rwihishwa na Kigali ngo barangize ibyo bibazo.

 

Ntabwo byumvikana ukuntu leta y’u Rwanda ikomeza kuvuga ko leta ya Congo nta ngufu ifite,ko igihugu cya Congo ari nk’icyobo ; noneho leta y’u Rwanda igahindukira ikavuga ko leta ya Congo ifite ubushobozi bwo gushaka abashinjabinyoma barenga 100 bahoze barwanira umutwe wa M23, tutabariyemo amakuru twakuye ahantu harenga 100  mu karere kamwe hakiyongeraho abatangabuhamya babihagazeho bemeza uruhare rw’u Rwanda mu bibazo bya Congo bose banyanyagiye mu karere ka Ituri,Kivu y’amajyaruguru kugera muri Kivu y’amajyepfo. Nyuma y’ukwezi kwa kamena niho twatangiye kubona ubufasha bwa leta ya Congo mubushakashatsi bwacu, ariko amakuru leta ya Congo yaduhaye ntabwo ariyo yibanze twagendeyeho mubushakashatsi bwacu.

 

Kubyerekeranye n’ibisubizo birambuye leta y’u Rwanda yaduhaye bijyanye n’intwaro za M23  ubwo twakoreraga uruzinduko i kigali mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga, leta yatweretse nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko idaha intwaro M23, ubwoko bw’imbunda AK-47 n’ibisasu bya 75 mm yasenye ngo kuko bishaje. Nahise ngaragarariza umukuru w’iperereza mu ngabo ko ibyo bisobanuro bye bitumvikana, ansubiza ko hashize igihe gito u Rwanda rusenye ibisasu bya 75 mm ariko ko ibisigazwa by’ibyo bisasu byasenywe bitagaragara ngo kuko bishobora kuba biri munsi cyane y’imbunda za AK-47. Nyuma y’ukwezi kumwe niho twabonye amakuru yatumenyeshaga ko u Rwanda rwagiye gushakisha abahanga mubya tekiniki bagomba kurufasha gusenya ibisasu byo mu bwoko bwa 75mm na 120 mm kuko ubwoko bw’ibyo bisasu buhuje n’ibisasu M23 yakoresheje ifata umujyi wa Goma.

 

Ndetse na nyuma yaho leta y’u Rwanda yemeye ko umutwe wa M23 uza gushaka abarwanyi bawo mu Rwanda, ntabwo leta y’u Rwanda yigeze igira ubushake bwo guhagarika icyo gikorwa. Mu gihe leta y’u Rwanda yari imaze kubona ko imyanzuro ya raporo yacu yemewe yose n’akanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi nta numwe ukuwemo , nibwo yatangiye kudusebya. Guhera mu kwezi kwa kanama leta y’u Rwanda yahagaritse imibonano n’ubufatanye n’abashakashatsi bacu. Guhera icyo gihe leta y’u Rwanda yakomeje kongera inkunga iha umutwe wa M23 kugeza naho ifashije uwo mutwe gufata umujyi wa Goma mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 2012.

 

Ni ryari uyu mutwe wa M23 watangiye ibikorwa byo gutegura intambara ? N’ibihe bimenyetso bya mbere byagaragaje inkunga y’u Rwanda kuri uwo mutwe ?

 

Muri raporo yacu ya nyuma yo mu mwaka w’2011, twagaragaje ko abahoze ari abasilikare bakuru ba CNDP biteguraga kongera kubyutsa imirwano, bakaba bari biteze ko hazavuka imvururu zitewe n’abaturage bazamagana ibyavuye mu matora ya perezida wa Repubulika. Bosco Ntaganda yagendaga ashyira abasilikare be ahantu hakomeye hashobora kubafasha imirwano muri kivu y’amajyepfo n’amajyaruguru, akurikizaho ibikorwa byo kwica amatora mu ntara ya Masisi.Kurundi ruhande Sultan Makenga yatangiye kurundanya intwaro zazanwaga n’abantu bafatanyaga (réseau mafieux)  rwihishwa bazikuye mu Rwanda no muri Uganda.

 

Muri Mutarama 2012, igikorwa Makenga yashatse gukora cyo gusubiranishamo ingabo za Congo i Bukavu cyaburiyemo, yagerageje guhamagarira abayoboke ba Vital Kamehre ngo bivumbure kubera ko amajwi yibwe mu matora ya prezida ntibyakunda. Kumugaragaro leta y’u Rwanda yari ishyigikiye kabila nk’umukandida ku mwanya wa perezida wa Congo ariko abayobozi b’u Rwanda bavuganye n’abanyepolitiki batavuga rumwe na Kabila i Kinshasa babumvisha ko Kabila aziba amatora ko kandi ayo mashyaka agomba gukangurira abayoboke bayo kurwanya icyo gikorwa !

 

Gusa rero igikorwa cy’u Rwanda kigaragaje cyane ubwo leta ya Congo yari itangiye kurwanya bikomeye ingabo zayivumbuyeho zahoze muri CNDP mu kwezi kwa Mata, u Rwanda rukaza gutabara abo bivumbuye kuri leta ya Congo. Ni muri icyo gihe leta y’u Rwanda yohereje ingabo muri Congo zifasha Ntaganda na Makenga guhungira i Runyoni kubirometero 7 gusa uvuye kumupaka w’u Rwanda na Congo, aba ariho bashingira umutwe wa M23, uwo mutwe bakaba barawushinze nka gahunda ya 2 (plan B) bateganya ko mu gihe ibyo kwivumbura kw’abaturage mu gihugu byaba byanze. Muri icyo gihe igihugu cy’u Rwanda cyohereje ingabo zacyo muri M23 kuburyo buhoraho kandi mu bitero bikomeye bya M23 u Rwanda rwagiye rwohereza ingabo zarwo gutera uwo mutwe inkunga zivuye  mu Rwanda mu gice cya Ruhengeri no mu Kinigi.

 

Ese mu kiganiro James Kabarebe ministre w’ingabo z’u Rwanda yagiranye n’ikinyamakuru le soir hari icyo mukinengaho ?

 

Mukiganiro twagiranye na Kabarebe mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga, yadusubiriyemo kuburyo burambuye amanama u Rwanda rwagiye rujyamo mu ntangiriro z’ubushyamirane bw’ingabo za Congo n’abahoze muri CNDP mu kwezi kwa Mata nkuko yabibwiye le soir ashaka kutugaragariza ko u Rwanda rwari rufite ubushake bwo kuzana amahoro muri Congo.

 

Nibyo koko u Rwanda rwagerageje kwitwara nk’umuhuza no gushaka gufasha Congo ariko ibimenyetso twabonye mubushakashatsi twakoze byavuguruje ubwo bushake u Rwanda rwagaragazaga. Uko gushaka guhuza Congo n’abarwanyi bayivumburagaho ba CNDP bigaragaza gahunda u Rwanda rwari rufite yo gushaka kurengera inyungu zarwo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

 

Nta kindi rero Kabarebe yavuze uretse gusobanura ibyifuzo bya M23 no kuvuga impamvu yavutse aho yashatse kutwumvisha ko imitwe yose yitwaje intwaro y’abacongomani harimo na Maï maï iregwa ibyaha by’intambara ihuje urugamba rumwe na M23 rwo kurwanya leta ya Congo. Twatangajwe no kumva amagambo nk’ayo avuzwe na ministre w’ingabo z’u Rwanda wagombye kwitandukanya n’ibikorwa byose bya M23 ashinjwa gushyigikira.

 

Ariko mukiganiro Kabarebe yagiranye n’ikinyamakuru le Soir, yibagiwe kuvuga ko abayobozi b’inyeshyamba za M23 ari abanyabyaha kabuhariwe batigeze babaho mu ngabo za Congo. Impuguke za ONU zakoze ubushakashatsi ku byaha by’abahoze muri CNDP, bitwaraga nk’agatsiko (mafia) k’abagizi ba nabi mu ngabo za Congo cyane cyane mubusahuzi bw’umutungo kamere wa Congo, kunyereza imishahara y’ingabo, kwiba abaturage, gusambanya abagore ku ngufu, gukoresha abaturage imirimo y’agahato no kwica umuntu wese wabaga yamaganye ibyo bikorwa bibi byabo mu ngabo za Congo. Kabarebe yibagiwe kuvuga ko intandaro y’imyivumbagatanyo muri mata y’abahoze muri CNDP ari ihugurwa ry’ingabo ryakorewe i Kinshasa ryashakaga kuvugurura ingabo.Ntaganda, Makenga na Boudoin Ngaruye bari bafite ububasha bwose ku ngabo ziri muburasirazuba bwa Congo bakoze ibishoboka byose kugira ngo baburizemo iryo vugurura ry’ingabo za Congo no kurengera abanyabyaha bazihishemo.

 

Mukugerageza gusobanura avuga neza M23 nk’umutwe uhuje amoko yose yo muburasirazuba bwa Congo, Kabarebe yibagiwe kuvuga ko andi moko atandukanye yo muburasirazuba bwa Congo yanze kujya muri M23 bitewe n’uko ayo moko yandi abona ko M23 ari igikoresho cy’u Rwanda. Ibyo bishimangirwa n’uko abanyamurenge bagizwe n’abatutsi bo muri Congo baba muri Kivu y’amajyepfo ndetse n’abahutu baba muri Masisi, Rutshuru na Kalehe banze kujya muri M23 no kuyishyigikira.

 

Hejuru y’ibyo, Kabarebe yababwiye ko kugira ngo ugere kubutaka bw’u Rwanda uvuye mubirindiro bikuru bya M23 biri i Runyoni, bisaba kugenda n’amaguru amasaha 11 kuko nta mihanda ihari. Ibyo ntabwo aribyo na busa kuko tugereranyije kuva i Runyoni ugera ku mupaka w’u Rwanda hari ibirometero 7 unyuze mutuyira turi mu ishyamba nkuko twabyerekanye kumafoto y’icyogajuru (umugereka wa 6). Utwo tuyira twashyizweho n’ingabo z’u Rwanda kugira ngo zibone uko zigemurira ibikoresho M23, urugendo rukaba rwarabaye rugufi kuburyo igihe kinini rumara ari isaha imwe n’igice (1H30). Kabarebe yabasobanuriye ko  abahoze mu ngabo za CNDP bazanye intwaro bari bafite n’ibindi bikoresho by’intambara byari i Masisi bakabijyana i Runyoni, ariko ntabwo bishoboka gutwara imbunda nini nk’izo M23 yatangiye ikoresha nyuma y’icyumweru kimwe gusa yivumbuye, ikabigeza hagati y’ibirunga bibiri, nta muhanda uhari mu ishyamba rwagati rya pariki y’i birunga.

 

Hanyuma Kabarebe yabemeje ko z’ambasade z’ibihugu bikomeye ziri ikigari zitemera uruhare u Rwanda rufite mu bibazo bya Congo, nyamara ibyo ni ibinyoma. Ukuri mubyerekeranye n’imibanire y’ibihugu ni uko igihugu kidashobora gufata icyemezo cyo guhagarika inkunga cyateraga igihugu k’inshuti nk’u Rwanda ntamakuru yacyo y’impamo kifitiye. Ntabwo amakuru ari muri raporo y’impuguke ibihugu biyafata kimwe n’amakuru aba ari muri raporo ambasade zabo zabakoreye ziyahawe naba maneko babo. Urutonde rw’abayobozi ba M23 twabagejejeho kumugereka wa 22 rwerekana ko Kabarebe ari umuyobozi w’ikirenga wa M23 ni rumwe mu rugero rwerekana ko ibihugu by’iburayi byifitiye amakuru yabyo.

 

Muri raporo iheruka mwerekanye ko igihugu cya Uganda nacyo cyagize uruhare mugufasha M23, ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y’inkunga Uganda yahaye izo nyeshyamba n’iyo u Rwanda ruziha ?

 

Mubyukuri, twashoje twemeza ko leta y’u Rwanda ariyo yaremye umutwe wa M23 iwuha inkunga, itoza abasilikare bawo akaba ari nayo iwuyobora ; ariko ko izo nyeshyamaba zibona indi nkunga itubutse inyuze kubantu ku giti cyabo bari muri leta ya Uganda. Kimwe mubimenyetso bifatika by’iyo nkunga ni uko ingabo za Uganda zaje guha inkunga umutwe wa M23 mu mirwano yo gufata uturere twa Kiwanja na Rutshuru mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2012. Iyo nkunga y’ingabo za Uganda muri icyo gikorwa yemezwa n’abahoze bwarwana muri M23 barenga 10 ndetse n’abagande babiri, hari amasasu menshi y’imbunda z’ingabo za Uganda yatoraguwe aho imirwano yaberaga (umugereka wa 28), bikemezwa kandi n’abaturage benshi babonaga abo bagande mu turere bafashe.

 

Hanyuma rero twagerageje guhuza amakuru menshi twakuye ahantu hanyuranye harimo na M23 ko hari abasilikare bakuru ba Uganda bagize uruhare rukomeye mu gikorwa cyo kugemurira intwaro, ibikoresho byo kurugamba no kwinjiza abarwanyi bashya mu mutwe wa M23. Mu gihe yitandukanyaga n’ingabo za Congo agasanga umutwe wa M23, Makenga yasize mu nzuye iri i Bukavu ibisanduku bini birimo ubusa bikaba bigenewe kubika intwaro nini byaguzwe na Ministeri y’ingabo y’igihugu cya Uganda (umugereka wa 27). M23 yashyize ibiro byayo bya politiki i kampala kugira ngo igihugu cya Uganda gishobore kuyitera inkunga mubyerekeye no kuyiha inama za gisilikare no kuyivuganira mu mahanga. Mu rwego rw’akarere, mu majyepfo y’uburengerazuba bwa Uganda twasanze hari ubufatanye bukomeye hagati y’abasilikare bakuru b’ingabo z’u Rwanda n’iza Uganda, bafatanyaga ibikorwa byo gufasha inyeshyamba za M23 zari hafi y’umupaka w’ibyo bihugu byombi na Congo.Ikindi kandi ni uko twashoboye gufata amajwi kuri radiyo y’abayobozi ba M23 bavugana n’ingabo za Uganda (umugereka wa 26).

 

Ni ubwo iyo nkunga ihabwa izo nyeshyamba atari politiki ya leta ya Uganda muri rusange, twabonye ko leta ya Uganda yagiye ireka umutwe M23 ugakora ibikorwa wishakiye nta nkomyi, nko kurekera umutwe wa M23 gukoresha umupaka wa Uganda na Congo nta nkomyi, nk’uko abakozi bashinzwe abinjira n’abasohoka k’umupaka wa Uganda babitweretse. Turi kumupaka wa Bunagana kuruhande rwa Uganda twiboneye ubwacu ikamyo yari yuzuye inkweto za plastiki zari zohererejwe umutwe wa M23.

 

Amakuru twakuye ahantu hizewe muri leta ya Uganda yaduhamirije ko icyo gihugu gitera inkunga inyeshyamba za M23. Ndetse umwe mubapolisi bakuru ba Uganda leta yaho yatwoherereje ngo tuganire nawe ku nkunga umutwe wa M23 ubona ivuye muri Uganda yatwemeje ko hari abantu bakomeye  ariko babikora ku giti cyabo bo muri leta ya Uganda bagemurira intwaro umutwe wa M23, bakawuha amafaranga ndetse bakanawushakira n’abarwanyi ngo ariko leta ya Uganda ikaba igiye kuzakora iperereza ryo kumenya abo bantu bose bakora ibyo bikorwa ikabahagarika.

 

Mu minsi yakurikiyeho, Kumugaragaro, leta ya Uganda yahinduye imvugo, itubwira ko uwo mupolisi mukuru twaganiriye atari afite uburenganzira bwo kuvuga mu izina rya leta ya Uganda ko inyeshyamba za M23 ziri muri Uganda bitewe ni uko prezida wa Congo yabisabye Uganda ngo mu rwego rwo gukora ibiganiro byo gushaka amahoro mukarere. Ubwo twahise tumenya ko abasilikare bakuru ba M23 bibera i Kampala mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga  kandi ko bagirana imishyikirano n’abasilikare bakuru b’ingabo za Uganda mbere y’uko Perezida Kabila wa Congo abimenyeshwa.

 

Raporo zagejejjwe kuri komite ya Onu ishinzwe gutanga ibihano zigira izihe ngaruka ?

 

Inshingano ya mbere y’itsinda ry’impuguke ni ukumenyesha komite ishinzwe gutanga ibihano ibyaha biba byagaragaye mu kurenga kumabwiriza yo gutanga intwaro n’ubwoko bw’ibihano byihutirwa bishobora gutangwa. Nta kindi gikorwa kindi impuguke zongera gukora iyo zirangije akazi kazo ko gukora no gutanga raporo ; ntabwo ziba zishishikajwe n’ingaruka iyo raporo izagira.

 

Twasabwe ko tugomba no gutanga muburyo bw’ibanga umugereka ugizwe n’urutonde rw’abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa amashyirahamwe bishobora guhabwa ibihano bitewe ni uko byarenze kumabwiriza yo kugemura intwaro, ibyo bihano bishobora gutangwa ni nko gufatira umutungo cyangwa kubuzwa gutembera. Akanama gashinzwe gutanga ibihano niko gafite uburenganzira bwo gusuzuma inama tuba twatanze noneho iyo komite ikaba yatangaza kumugaragaro urutonde rw’abashobora guhanwa. Ntabwo bishoboka ko umuntu agaragagara kuri urwo rutonde tuba twakoze bitemejwe n’ibihugu bigize komite itanga ibihano kandi iyo raporo ikaba yabanje gusuzumwa no kwemerwa n’umubare munini w’ibihugu bigize iyo komite.

 

Iyo komite itanga ibihano yagaragaje urutonde rw’abakomanda n’abayobozi ba M23, ndetse n’uwo mutwe ubwawo harimo na FDLR ndetse akanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi kakaba karavuze ko gateganya gutanga ibihano ku bantu bari hanze batera inkunga imitwe yitwaje intwaro irwanira muri Congo.

 

Abashinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga bamwe basanga muri iki gihe hashakishwa umuti w’amahoro bitaba byiza gushinja u Rwanda n’abasilikare bamwe bakuru bo mu ngabo za Uganda ; ariko ibyo bibazo bikaba bitatureba twe nk’impuguke. Itsinda ryari rifite manda isobanutse nta kindi twakoze uretse kuyishyira mu bikorwa tugaragaza abarenze kumabwiriza yo kugemura intwaro, ntabwo twe ibibazo bya politiki bitureba.

 

Nk’abagize itsinda ry’impuguke mubona ari izihe ngaruka ibirego biregwa u Rwanda bishobora kugira mu kanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi ?

 

Uyu mwaka u Rwanda rwabaye kimwe mu bihugu bigize akanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi, ariko ibyo byabaye nyuma y’aho itsinda ry’impuguke ryari rimaze kuvugurwa nk’uko icyemezo cya 2078 kibivuga, irindi tsinda rishya ry’impuguke ubu rikaba ririmo ritangira gukor akazi karyo. Nyuma ya manda eshatu nkora akazi karuhije buri munsi ntabwo nifuje kongera gusaba kuba umwe mubagize iryo tsinda rishya ry’impuguke, nkaba nifuza kuba hafi y’umuryango wanjye.

 

Itsinda ry’impuguke rigomba gukorana bya hafi na komite ishinzwe gutanga ibihano y’akanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi ; iryo tsinda ry’impuguke rigomba gukora mubwisanzure mubushakashatsi rikora no mu myanzuro rifata  ariko bitabujije ko mu gihe impuguke zikora akazi kazo zigomba kwita ku nama za buri gihugu kigize komite itanga ibihano. Kuba rero u Rwanda ubu ari kimwe mu bihugu bigize akanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi rutegetswe kuvugana no gukorana bya hafi n’itsinda ry’impuguke za Onu kandi ibyo rwari rwaranze kubikora kuva mu kwezi kwa Kanama 2012.

 

Ariko kandi imyitwarire u Rwanda rwabanje kugaragaza mu kanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi yo kwanga ko uwo muryango wohereza indege zitagira abapiloti (drones) muburasirazuba bwa Congo mu rwego rwo gufasha Onu gucunga umupaka warwo na Congo harebwa ibyaha byo kugemura intwaro muri Congo ; ni ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko akanama gashinzwe umutekano ku isi gafite ikibazo gikomeye cy’ibihugu bikagize muri iki gihe. Ikindi kandi ni uko komite itanga ibihano ifata ibyemezo muburyo abayigize bose babyumvikanaho, kimwe mu bihugu bigize ako kanama gishobora kuburizamo icyemezo cyo gushyira kurutonde umuntu usabirwa ibihano cyangwa kikaba cyaburizamo impuguke kongezwa manda yazo.   

 

 

Byashyizwe mu Kinyarwanda na veritasinfo.fr