Twibuke inzirakarengane zatikiriye i Kibeho le 22/4/1995. Musemakweri J.D.

Ejobundi ku wa 5 (mutagatifu) le 22/4/2011 tuzibuka imyaka 16 ishize i Kibeho habereye ubwicanyi burenze imyumvire mu w’1995. Tuzasabira kandi twunamire inzirakarengane zahatikiriye. Kubera ko benshi muri bo bagomba kuba bari mu ijuru, tuzabasaba ko nabo batakambira Urwanda ku Mana, kugirango rugire ibyiza byose bituruka kuri Nyagasani. Mu gutegura iyi nyandiko, navuganye n’abantu bamwe bacitse ku icumu ry’i Kibeho, nifashishije ubuhamya bwinshi bwatanzwe ku byabereye i Kibeho, ariko cyane cyane inyandiko z’umufaransakazi Claudine Vidal wabaye cyane mu Rwanda, n’igitabo cya Abdul Joshua Ruzibiza, Rwanda, L’histoire secrète, Ed. du Panama, Paris 2005, pp.369-384.

Uko inkambi y’i Kibeho yavutse

Inkotanyi zimaze gufata ubutegetsi i Kigali taliki ya 4/7/1994, zatangiye ibikorwa byo kwihorera no guhumbahumba icyitwa Umuhutu cyose, cyane cyane abagabo, abasore n’abize mu gihugu cyose ; kabone n’ubwo baba baribari mu mashyaka ataravugaga rumwe n’ingoma ya perezida Yuvenali Habyarimana (5/7/1973-6/4/1994). Izo ngabo za FPR ntawundi zumviraga, usibye jenerali Paul Kagame wari umugaba mukuru wazo (chef d’Etat major), akongeraho kuba visi pererida w’igihugu, ministre w’ingabo na visiperezida wa FPR. Uwo rero ni we wicaga agakiza, ariko mu by’ukuri yaricaga kurusha uko yakizaga. Ba perezida wa repubulika (Pasteur Bizimungu), ba minisitri w’intebe ( Faustin Twagiramungu ), ba ministri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu (Seth Sendashonga), ba ministiri w’ubucamanza n’ubutabera (Alphonse Marie Nkubito), ba perezida wa FPR (Alexis Kanyarengwe), muri abo bose n’abandi, nta n’umwe watsagamo. Kagame n’ingabo ze ni bo bayogozaga igihugu.

Ni uko rero abantu batangiye kuva mu byabo no guta ingo zabo, bakajya mu nkambi. Nanone bitwazaga utwangushye turimo ibikoresho byo mu rugo nk’amasafuriya, ibivomesho, indiga zo guhata ibijumba, ibitoki cyangwa ibirayi (iyo babaga babibonye) hamwe n’imipanga n’amashoka yo gutashya udukwi two gucana umuriro wo guteka no kwota. Ntabwo rero ari Interahamwe zari zitwaje ibirwanisho, bari abantu bo mu bigero byose by’imyaka bari barahindutse imbunzakarago kubera gutinya ubwicanyi bwa FPR. Ababashaga kujya mu bihugu bihana imbibi n’Urwanda barambukaga mu bwinshi. Abanyantegenke nk’abazasaza, abakecuru, abagore, abana, ibimuga, abarwayi n’abashonje bajyaga mu nkambi. Mu y’i Kibeho hajyagayo abavuye za Butare, Gikongoro no mu tundi turere twa hafi aho. Uko kwibumbira mu nkambi kwabo kwashimishaga abicanyi ba FPR, kuko burya ngo “ujya gutwika imbagara (imvumba) arazirundanya”. Aha ho zarimo zirundanya ubwazo. Burya koko abicanyi bose ni kimwe. N’Interahamwe ni kuri ubwo buryo zari zaramaze Abatutsi n’Abahutu batari bake.

Inama yo gucura imigambi mibisha

Inama yo gusenya inkambi y’i Kibeho binyuze mu kwica abayirimo yatumijwe na Kagame ubwe taliki ya 11/4/1995, ibera i Butare ahahoze ESO taliki ya 13/4/1995. Yayobowe na Kagame ubwe. Abandi bari bayirimo ni ba liyotona koloneli Fred Ibingira na Karake Karenzi, ba majoro Frank Mushyo Kamanzi na Wilson Gumisiriza, kapiteni John Zigira, ba liyotona Emmanuel Gasana Rurayi [uyu usigaye ategeka igipolisi cyo mu Rwanda], Peter Kalimba, Innocent Kabandana, hakaba rero n’abari bashagaye Kagame bari biganjemo abamurinda. Inama yarangiye hemejwe ko uburyo bwiza bwo gusenya iyo nkambi ari ugukoresha ingufu.

Nyuma y’inama, Kagame ubwe yagiye gusura inkengero z’inkambi y’i Kibeho kugirango yirebere n’amaso niba imiterere y’aho hantu itazabogamira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyememzo byafashwe (reconnaissance des leiux). Abagomba gusenya iyo nkambi ni bariya bose bari mu nama n’abo bategeka, ariko bose bakaba bayobowe na liyotona koloneli Fred Ibingira. Yatoranijwe mu bandi kuberako yazobereye mu buhanga bwitwa Songamana bwo kurunda abantu benshi ahantu hato cyane, akoresheje kubakubita imikandara abasirikirari bakenyeza, ibibuno by’imbunda, indembo n’ibindi.

Inkambi yagoswe taliki ya 17/4/1995 ahagana mu ma saa sita z’ijoro. Kuva ubwo abayirimo ntibongeye kubona amazi, ntibongeye kubona ibiribwa, kandi batangira gukorerwaho biriya bya Songamana. Hari abasirikari bashakaga kuyinjiramo imbere, abarimo bakanga rwose bakabambira kubera ubwoba. Kuko bibwiraga ko abo basirikari ntakindi bashakaga kitari ukubica. Uko kwirwanaho kw’abari mu nkambi imbere, Ibingira yabigize urwitwazo rwo kuvuga ngo ni Interahamwe. Kuva inkambi yagotwa, hari bake bagiye bayivamo, bagafata urw’amaguru bagana iwabo ; ariko nabo baje kwicwa umugenda. Fred Ibingira yari yategetse ko kuri buri metero 100 z’umuzenguruko w’inkambi hashyirwa umuzinga (mortier). Hagati y’umuzinga n’undi yategetse ko hashingwa imbunda ziciriritse n’izindi ntoya. Ni ukuvuga ko kuri buri metero 50 z’umuzenguruko w’inkambi hari imbunda zirimo amasasu, hasigaye gusa kurasa, maze abantu bagashira.

Umunsi ntarengwa

Ku wa 6 tali ya 22 Mata 1995, ahagana saa saba (13h00) haguye imvura y’amagasa. Abari mu nkambi bihinda bajya kugama mu mahema (burende, shitingi). Ubwo ngo Ibingira n’ingabo bagizengo baratewe, maze si ukurasa, biva inyuma. Kuva saa saba (13h00) kugera saa munani n’igice (14h30) ntibigeze bitsa. Bohereje amabombe atari munsi y’100, amasasu asanzwe yo, ntawabara. Anbantu barapfuye bitavugwa. I saa kumi n’imwe n’igice (17h30), abari baguye igihumura, abari bakomeretse cyane ariko batapfuye bari batangiye kuzanzamuka. Bamwe muri bo bagerageje gusohoka mu nkambi ; Ibingira arabyanga, ahubwo ategeka abasirikari be ko bongera kurasa urufaya. Imizinga n’izindi mbunda birongera biraririmba, byungikana urufaya. Abantu barongera barapfa.

Ubwo ni bwo noneho abasirikari ba Ibingira binjiye mu nkambi, bagatera ibisasu (grenades), abari gusambagurika bakabasonga bakoresheje bayoneti cyangwa udufuni. Abandi basirikari bakurikiranye abari bashoboye guhunga bagenda babica aho babasanze hose. Hari amatsinda y’abasirikari bazobereye mu gutoragura, gushyingura cyangwa gutwika vuba imirambo, kugirango bazavuge ko hapfuye abantu bake. Abo nabo bari babukereye n’amakamyo yabo n’ibindi bikoresho by’ubwo bugizi bwa nabi. Icyakora amakamyo yaje kubabana make, ku buryo bafashe ku ngufu ay’abandi baturage arimo n’ikamyo y’umuhondo (orange) y’umucuruzi w’i Butare witwaga Bihira. Amakamyo atwaye abapfuye yaheragako abajyana mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe, ahitwa Muwa Senkoko, akaba ariho batwikirwa. Abakirimo akuka bashyirwaga ku ngoyi (akandoyi), bakajugunywa mu makamyo, ariko ayo makamyo ntahereko agenda. Iyo bamaraga kuba benshi bihagije, ayo makamyo yabajyanaga ahahoze ikigo gito cya jandarumori i Butare, hafi y’ikibuga cy’indege. Ni aho babiciraga babakubita udufuni mu mutwe, babahuba umwuka bakoresheje amasashe babapfukaga mu mutwe, bakayapfundikira mu ijosi, abandi bakabatera za bayoneti. Aho hapfiriye abantu bageze ku bihumbi 2. Bishwe n’abasirikari 130 bari bagabanijemo amatsinda 2 : rimwe ryo kwica, irindi ryo gutoragura vuba imirambo ikajya gutwikirwa Muwa Senkoko. Muri abo basirikari bose, 32 bari bavuye muri batayo Alpha, 40 mu itsinda rya liyotona Emmanuel Gasana Rurayi, abandi barenga 30 bari bavuye mu barinda koloneli Kayumba Nyamwasa, bayobowe na Serija John Sengati.

Ku bantu bakabakaba ibihumbi 150 bari mu nkami y’i Kibeho, ku munsi wo ku italiki ya 22/4/1995 wonyine hapfuye abatari munsi y’ibihumbi 8. Abaguye mu nzira cyangwa iwabo bazira ibikomere by’i Kibeho, ntawe uzigera amenya umubare wabo ; ariko ni benshi cyane. Baruhuke iteka, baruhukire mu mahoro, tuzahora tubibuka.